80 THE EEPORT OF THE No. 36 



The materials this year differed chiefly in the fact that finely ground talc was 

 added partly to act as a filler to tlie sulphur and lead or to the sulphur when used 

 without the lead, and partly to keep it drier. Very fine sulphur alone tends to be 

 sticky and will not scatter well. 



The weather for the most part this spring was not calm enough to enable us 

 to dust both sides of the trees on the same day by driving parallel with the wind 

 and shooting the dust in at right angles ; hence we were forced to dust at least one 

 side directly with the wind. The fact is I adopted the method of dusting from 

 at least three sides, or if changes of wind permitted it, from four sides, but lessened 

 the quantity in each case, so that the total for each large tree would still remain 

 approximately three pounds. 



Acreage Covered per Day. 



We never had a chance to test how much one man could do per day, but unless 

 he became too tired he could probably cover at least twenty acres. We may say 

 here that dusting is far from easy and many men cannot do it at all satisfactorily 

 because they move their hands too slowly. There is need of special training for 

 this work and the selection of a man who is not only quick with his hands but has 

 also good judgment and intelligence. 



Tests on Large Apple Trees. 



Two orchards, which we shall call A and B, situated about three miles apart, 

 both of which had been poorly treated the previous year and had borne almost 

 unmarketable fruit, were chosen for the tests. Orchard A consisted of 262 trees 

 and was about 7 acres in extent. Orchard B included about 9 acres but we treated 

 only about 6 acres or about 200 trees. 



In each orchard a block consisting of approximately one-quarter of the total 

 number of trees was treated throughout with lime-sulphur and arsenate of lead. 

 The remaining three-quarters of each orchard being moderately infested with San 

 Jos6 Scale, received first a dormant or semi-dormant spray with lime-sulphur to 

 kill the scale. Four rows, however, in each were dusted with sodium sulphide 

 powder as a special test for scale. These trees as well as the remainder of the 

 block in the later applications received only the sulphur-arsenate-of-lead dust. In 

 orchard B only two dustings were given, the first just as the blossoms were ready 

 to burst and the other just after the blossoms fell but before the calyces closed. In 

 orchard A all the dust block received these same two applications, but fifty-three 

 trees received an extra dusting on July 4th, three weeks after the blossoms had 

 fallen. The object of this application was partly to see the effect on scab or sooty 

 fungus, but chiefly to see how it affected Codling Moth. 



Eesults on Foliage. 



All the foliage was excellent this year, though that on the dusted area was a 

 little better than on the sprayed, being in fact almost perfect. 



'Results on Apple Scab. 



Orchard A had a crop of approximately 200 barrels fairly well distributed. 

 The chief varieties were Greening, Baldwin and Golden Eusset, but there were also 

 a few barrels of Spy and in the dusted area one heavily laden tree of Snow. In 



