FAMILY COLUMBIDAE 5 



9. Entire crown clear white. 



White-crowned pigeon, Columba leucocephala, p. 6 

 Without white in the crown 10 



10. A prominent white band across the hindneck. 



Band-tailed pigeon, Columba fascia ta crissalis, p. 9 

 No white band on hindneck 11 



11. Feathers of breast, neck, and upper back light-colored, tipped on sides and 



ends with slate or slaty black. . . .Scaled pigeon, Columba speciosa, p. 11 

 Breast, neck, and upper back uniform without squamate markings 12 



12. Crown and hindneck gray, distinctly different in color from back. 



Pale-vented pigeon, Columba cayennensis pallidicrissalis, p. 7 

 Crown and hindneck nearly or completely uniform in color with back. ... 13 



13. Back, rump, wings, and tail darker; sooty brown. 



Short-billed pigeon, Columba nigrirostris, p. 13 



Upper surface from crown to upper tail coverts paler, nearly uniform warm 



brown Ruddy pigeon, Columba subvinacea, p. 15 



15. Crown and hindneck uniform dark gray 16 



Crown and hindneck brown, or if partly gray this color paler, and restricted 



to crown, with hindneck brown 17 



16. Back warm brown Brown-backed dove, Leptotila battyi, p. 42 



Back olive-brown Gray-headed dove, Leptotila plumbeiceps notius, p. 40 



17. Under surface paler ; breast vinaceous white ; under tail coverts white. 



White-fronted dove, Leptotila verreauxi verreauxi, p. 37 



Under surface darker ; breast gray or partly gray, under tail coverts with 



outer webs gray or dusky Cassin's dove, Leptotila cassinii, p. 44 



18. Under surface of primaries partly, or wholly, cinnamon-brown (in some 



juvenile birds the brown reduced to a narrow outer line) 19 



Under surface of primaries dark gray 21 



19. Upper back with a prominent patch of violet; lower breast and abdomen 



white Violaceous quail-dove, Geotrygon violacea albiventcr, p. 57 



No violet patch on upper back ; breast gray, cinnamon-brown, or buff ; abdo- 

 men buff to cream-buff 20 



20. Breast dark gray ; a prominent white band below the eye. 



Olive-backed quail-dove, Geotrygon veraguensis, p. 49 



Breast cinnamon-brown or buffy brown ; band below eye, where present, buff. 



Ruddy quail-dove, Geotrygon montana montana, p. 58 



21. Crown and hindneck dark russet-brown. 



Goldman's quail-dove, Geotrygon goldmani, p. 53 

 Crown and hindneck gray or greenish gray 22 



22. Breast, sides and abdomen brown. 



Chiriqui quail-dove, Geotrygon chiriquensis , p. 60 

 Breast gray, sides brownish gray, abdomen white or buffy white 23 



23. Forehead white. .Lawrence's quail-dove, Geotrygon lawrencii lawrencii, p. 51 

 Forehead buff Costa Rican quail-dove, Geotrygon costaricensis, p. 55 



