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BIRDS OF THE REPUBLIC OF PANAMA — PART 2 



America on the whole are faintly blacker than those of South America. 

 Those from southern Mexico to western Panama have the upper 

 surface and the breast band darker, with partly concealed light barring 

 on the scapulars and wing coverts. Frequently they are barred lightly 

 with fuscous on breast and sides. These have long been recognized 

 as the race saturata, named by Ridgway. 



Figure 25. — Spectacled owl, buho de anteojos, Pulsatrix perspicillata. 



The race chapmani, found from central and eastern Panama 

 through western Colombia to western Ecuador, has the barring on 

 wings and lower surface found in saturata much reduced or absent, 

 and has the head and hindneck blacker than the rest of the dorsal 

 surface. It is more or less intermediate toward the nominate race of 

 South America, differing in slightly darker color and average larger 



Typical P. p. perspicillata (type locality Cayenne) from eastern 

 Colombia and Venezuela south, east of the Andes, to the Amazon 

 Valley in Brazil, in series is a little smaller, and averages browner. 



