4»« BIRDS OF THE REPUBLIC OF PANAMA PART 2 



Rice to Bocas del Toro. From eastern Panama, where it is found on 

 the Pacific side, it continues through tropical South America to Bolivia 

 and southeastern Brazil. In this extensive area several geographic 

 races are recognized of which three are found in Panama. While the 

 species is one long known, there has been confusion with regard to its 

 geographic variation that has been clarified only recently. 



The name morphoeus, attributed currently incorrectly to "Hahn and 

 Kuster," as of 1823 should be cited from Hahn alone. The manu- 

 script records of Charles W. Richmond list Carl Wilh. Hahn as the 

 sole author of Die Vogel aus Asien, Afrika, Amerika und Neuholland, 

 of which volume 1, parts 1-12 were issued from 1818 to 1822, and 

 volume 2, parts 13-19 from 1822 to 1836. This is verified by Sherborn 

 (Ind. Anim., Sect, secunda, 1801-1850, pt. 1, 1922, p. lxiv), with the 

 additional information that the work was reissued in 1850 under the 

 authorship of Hahn and Kuester, with the addition of part 20. The 

 puffbird morphoeus was described in the original account as from 

 Brazil. Pinto (Arq. Zool. Est. Sao Paulo, vol. 5, art. 6, 1947, p. 388, 

 footnote) has designated the type locality as Rio de Janeiro, so that 

 the name of the typical race applies to the population of southeastern 

 Brazil. The subspecies found from the Amazon southward, and in the 

 west to southeastern Colombia and eastern Peru, for which the name 

 morphoeus has been current, is Monasa m. peruana Sclater (with 

 Monasa rikeri Ridgway as a synonym), as shown by Gyldenstolpe 

 (Ark. Zool., ser 2, no. 1, 1951, pp. 111-112). That author cites the 

 type locality of peruana as Chamicuros, Rio Huallaga Valley, northern 

 Peru. 



These are birds of the forests that are found regularly at the forest 

 edge and in open areas along the larger streams. 



MONASA MORPHOEUS GRANDIOR Sclater and Salvin 



Monasa grandior P. L. Sclater and O. Salvin, Proc. Zool. Soc. London, October 

 1868, p. 327. (Angostura, Costa Rica.) 



Characters. — Both chin and forehead white; head and neck black, 

 this color not extending on upper breast ; averaging slightly larger. 



Measurements. — Males (10 from Bocas del Toro, Costa Rica, and 

 Nicaragua), wing 131.7-147.7 (140.0), tail 119.7-125.9 (122.6), 

 culmen from base 37.0-41.9 (39.3), tarsus 20.0-22.3 (21.2) mm. 



Females (10 from Costa Rica and Nicaragua), wing 139.0-144.6 

 (141.6), tail 120.4-128.5 (123.8), culmen from base 39.3-42.7 (40.1), 

 tarsus 21.0-23.0 (22.0) mm. 



