TENTIIREDINID.E. 



221 



and fourth joints of equal length ; the wings have two subcos- 

 tal and three median cells, the first as long as the second, gen- 

 erally longer ; the first receiving one recurrent vein, the second 

 two. We have found the larva of E. maculatus Norton on the 

 cultivated strawberry, to which, in the Western States, it some- 

 times does considerable damage, but it can be quite readily 

 exterminated by hand-picking. Mr. Riley has carefully ob- 

 served the habits of this insect, and we condense the follow- 

 ing remarks from his account in the Prairie Farmer : — Early in 

 Maj^, in Northern Illinois, the female saw-fly deposits her eggs 

 in the stem of the plant. They are Avhite and .03 of an inch 

 long, and may be readily perceived upon splitting the stalk ; 

 though the outside 

 orifice, at Avhicli 

 they were intro- 

 duced, is scarcely 

 perceptible, their 

 presence causes a 

 swelling in the 

 stalk. By the mid- 

 dle of May the 

 worms will have 

 eaten innumerable 

 small holes in the 

 leaves. They are 

 dirtj'^ yellow and 

 gray green, and at rest curl the abdomen up spirall}'. They 

 moult four times, and are, when full-fed, about three-fourths of 

 an inch in length. They make a loose, earthen cocoon in the 

 ground, and change to perfect flies by the end of June and 

 the beginning of Jul}'. A second brood of worms appears, 

 and in the earl}' part of August descend into the ground and 

 remain in the larva state until the middle of the succeeding 

 April, when they finish their transformations. The fly is pitchy 

 black, with two rows of dull, dirty white, transverse spots upon 

 the abdomen. The nine-jointed antennae are black, and the 

 legs are brown, and almost white at the joints. Fig. 147 rep- 

 resents the Strawberry Emphytns in all its stages of growth. 

 1, 2, ventral and side-view of the pupa; 3, the fly enlarged ; 



Fig. 147. 



