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and elongated, its length being about thirty rods, its width at base 

 ten rods, and its height above tide water, which washes its side, 

 about fifty feet. It runs in nearly an east-and-west direction. 

 Excavations, for the purpose of removing the materials, have 

 been made, which expose sections in all directions. It is com- 

 posed of regular strata of gravel, clay, and sands, of varying 

 fineness and color. The general appearance of the strata is that 

 they conform to the shape of the hill, dipping outwards in all 

 directions, as far as they are exposed ; some of them terminate 

 abruptly upwards, as if denuded, and their edges are overlaid by 

 unstratified materials. The north-west is covered by pebbles, 

 large and small, with coarse gravel ; the south-west by finer 

 gravel ; the south-east is fine sand, unstratified, so far as can 

 now be seen ; and the north-east and north is fine sand stratified. 

 But the most interesting fact presented is, that the strata of sands, 

 clay and gravel are fractured in various directions ; many of the 

 fractures causing shifts or faults of the strata. In one section 

 three horizontal fractures are to be seen, one over the other ; in 

 another, a fracture, dipping a few degrees from vertical, has 

 caused a fault of about three feet ; in another, two fractures, 

 nearly vertical, and about three feet from each other, have 

 caused faults of about two feet each, so that the section presents 

 the strata arranged in echelon. One fracture, in a direction 

 about fifteen or twenty degrees from horizontal, can be traced 

 distinctly twenty-five or thirty feet, cutting all the strata in its 

 course, and making a fault of a few inches in all. The fractures 

 are almost innumerable, and in almost every direction. There 

 are certainly two, if not three, strata of clay ; and, in one section, 

 there is exposed, and cut through, nearly in the centre of the 

 mass of the hill, a mass of clay, about eight feet high, and ten 

 feet wide. It is unstratified, and disturbs the stratified sands, 

 with which it comes in contact, as if it had been forced in 

 amongst them. 



Mr. S. considered that the indications of all the phenomena 

 presented at this place, justify the inference that the ridge has 

 been produced by a crowding up of the stratified materials, 

 from their original horizontal position, by some powerful force 

 applied laterally. 



Prof. C. B. Adanfis communicated a Memoir on the Mol- 



