140 



habit of breeding wherever the common species bred. Although I 

 have searched carefully for these birds at all the breeding-places of 

 the Foolish Guillemot I have visited, I have never succeeded in find- 

 ing even a single specimen in any other locality than at Bird Rock. 

 As it is said to be a more northern species it will probably be found 

 on the eastern shore of Labrador, where great numbers of birds of 

 this genus are known to breed. 



Catarractes lomvia Lin. 

 Alca lomvia Lin. Syst. Nat. ed. 10, p. 130, No. 4. 

 Uria troille Briin., Ornith. Bor. p. 27. 

 Uria svarbag Brun., Ornith. Bor. p. 27. 

 Cepphus arra Pallas, Zoogr. Rus. 2, p. 347. 

 Uria arra Naum., Nat. der Vog. Deutsch. 535 ; Keys, und Bias. 



Wirbelthiere Europas, p. 237. 

 Uria Brunnichii Sahlne, Trans. Lin. Soc. 12, p. 538 ; Bonap. Synop. 

 424 ; Aud. Orn. Biog. 3, p. 336 ; Nutt. Man. 2, p. 529 ; Faun. 

 Bor. Am. 2, p. 477; Yarrell, Brit. Birds, p. 348; Temm. Man. 

 Orn. 2, p. 576 ; Reinhardt, Natur. Bidrag. p. 118, No. 88. 

 Uria Francisi Leach, Trans. Lin. Soc. 12, p. 585 ; Girard, Birds of 

 Long Island, p. 377; Peabody, Report on Birds of Mass. p. 400; 

 De Kay, State Report on Birds of New York, p. 280. 

 Alca pica? Fab. Faun. Groen. p. 79. 



Figures. Aud. Birds of Am. plate 345, id. 8vo. ed. 7, plate 472 ; 

 Gould's Birds of Europe, plate 398; Naum. Natur. der Vog. 

 Deutsch. No. 333. 

 Sp. Ch. ■ Form heavier and more compact than any of the other 

 species. Upper mandible with the culmen curved from the com- 

 mencement, which is prominent and rounded or even angulated ; lat- 

 eral outline wedge-shaped, with the base proportion ably broader than 

 in troille, cutting edges widely everted posteriorly, and presenting a 

 prominent point next the rictus ; nearly straight to a short distance 

 anterior to the nostrils, then very slightly ascending for about one 

 third the length of the culmen, and then curved downwards, more 

 suddenly than in the other species. The feathered portions of the 

 sides as distant from the edge next the rictus as opposite the nostrils ; 

 sides anterior to nostrils, slightly concave for about half their length, 

 sometimes forming a sort of obsolete shallow furrow, extending 

 diagonally from the nostrils to the cutting edge. Lower mandible, 

 with the cutting edges corresponding to those of the upper mandible ; 

 lateral outline more regularly and more narrowly wedge-shaped than 

 that of the upper mandible. Gonyx prominent ; keel more concave 

 than in troille, and somewhat shorter proportionally to the culmen. 



Plumage. General arrangement of the colors v(uy similar to that 

 of the other species of the genus ; the bare edge of the posterior 



