1808.] 87 [Scucldcr. 



tlieir enoi'inous beards, the moustac^he usually covering the mouth; 

 the '• squareness," or horizontal line of their Ibreheads over the eyes; 

 the depth of the orbits, or rather the eyes deeply set in the head, and 

 without any obliquity, as in the Japanese and Chinese; their well- 

 developed muscles, particularly of the arms and legs, and their 

 medium stature. The extreme haii'iness of the body should have 

 been mentioned. This hair is thickest upon the outer siile of the 

 arms and legs, and extends down upon the fingers, and upon the feet. 

 It is black, and often venj thick, and, if I remember riglitly, from 

 three-fourths of an inch to an inch, or an inch and a quarter in length. 

 I am writing without my notes, but my recollection is distinct that 

 their mouths are large, and their lips rather thick. The forehead, 

 which is rather narrow below, across the eyes, widens rapidly above, 

 and their heads seemed to me to have this as a common or general 

 character. I was not aware of tlic ethnological value of measure- 

 ments of the body, but I took some trouble to obtain accurate outlines 

 of their heads. For this purpose I had a frame made, carrvino; a 

 great number of long movable needles, which could be pressed in upon 

 the scalp through the thick mass of hair. The results, together with 

 some outlines of heads of the Japanese for comparison, I will be 

 happy to show you if I can find them among my papers on this side 

 of the continent. 



Although, recognizing the close affinity of this race with ours, I 

 am disposed to regard it as totally independent in origin, and as perhaps 

 indigenous to those islands, and as having had a language totally dis- 

 tinct from any other.^ The great development of hair upon the 

 body ; the abundance of long straight black hair upon the head, 

 the broad noses, peculiarly depressed between the eyes; the thick 

 lips, and the smallness of statm-e, appear to me to make them radicallv 

 different irom any other race. 



Mr. S. li. Seudder gave a brief account of the migratory 

 grasshoppers of the United States. 



Two species are known, both belonging to the ;jenus Cn'oplenus-, one 

 C. femur-ruhrum Biirm., is found in nearly all the country east of the 

 Mississippi and in the States bordering it upon the west. It has sel- 

 dom been known to migrate or to ravage the country to any alarming 



'I have, or had, a vooabuhiry of Ainu words among my notes, which may be 

 of some service in any investigation of tlieir language. 



