1868.] 105 [('ones. 



The birds of South Carolina, with few exceptions, are the same as 

 those of the South Atlantic and the Gulf States at large (exclusive 

 of certain Texan birds). These exceptions are the Florida Jay, and 

 the several species, not strictly North American, which visit the 

 peninsula of Florida alone, mostly from the West Indies. It is not 

 probable that South Carolina is the terminus of the autumnal migra- 

 tion of any Northern sjiecies. The lower swamjiy parts of Virginia 

 rather represent such terminus; and any species which passes this 

 boundary is likely to be found in winter any where in the South 

 Atlantic States, exclusive, of course, of such species as pass entirely 

 beyond the United States. And, although the Carolinas, in a general 

 way, limit the northward extension of the few typical species of the 

 South Atlantic States, the boundary may be more definitely placed in 

 Vu'ginia, along the line where the swampy changes to the higher 

 country, which, as we have just seen, limits certain Northern species 

 in coming South. 



Regarding the distribution of species within the State, it may be 

 said, in general terms, that the topography of the country has great 

 influence in determining the pi'esence or absence of species in particu- 

 lar districts. Many birds that abound in the low swampy regions, 

 never reach the upper country ; and the converse of this is also true, 

 though by no means of so extensive application. Some birds that 

 occur high up only in summer, are resident throughout the year in 

 the warmer parts; where, doubtless, certain Northero species, that 

 come South in Avinter, are rarely, if ever, found. These and some 

 analogous facts that might be cited, are independent of those circum- 

 stances of distribution arising from the natural proclivities of species; 

 as e. g., the restriction of marine species to the coast, etc. As to the 

 true migrants, — those birds that neither breed nor pass the winter in 

 the State, — it may be stated that they appear a little earlier in the 

 spring, and later in the fall in th<» low swampy parts, than in the 

 upper country. 



found in Maine not observed at Norway. By A. E. Verrill. Proceedings of the 

 Essex Institute, III, 1862, p. 136. 



Catalogue of the Birds of Springfield, Mass., with a list of Birds found in Mass- 

 achusetts not observed at Springfield. By J. A. Allen. Ibid, IV, 1864, p. 4iS. 



Catalogue of Birds observed on New York, Long and Staten Islands, and adja- 

 cent parts of New Jersey. By George N. Lawrence. Annals of the Lyceum oi' 

 Natural History of New York, VIII, 1866, p. 279. 



List of Birds ascertained to inhabit the District of Columbia, etc. By Elliott 

 Coues and D. Webster Prentiss. Annual Keport of the Smithsonian Institution, 

 for 1861, p. 399. 



