Brigham.] 158 [Norember 18, 



Merrill, and they have presented it to Dr. Wyman, on the condition 

 that he sliall prepare a memoir on it for the Soiiety. 



Mr. W. T. Brigham spoke of the results of Mr. Mann's 

 study of the Hawaiian Flora. 



From the time of Captain Cook's visit to the Hawaiian Islands, the 

 vegetable pi'oductions of this group have attracted the attention of 

 botanists. Menzies, Charaisso, Gaudicliaud, Macrae, Douglas, Brack- 

 eni'idge, Pickering and Remy, have made collections at various times 

 during the last fifty years, and the few results published by these 

 botanists indicated a very jieculiar flora, which Mr. Mann's study 

 of our joint collections has developed to a great extent. 



The grasses have not yet been published, but number about fifty 

 species; the ferns, including Lycopofllacece, as at present determined, 

 number thirty genera and one hundred and thirty -four species; they 

 however require farther examination, and the number of species will 

 probably be increased ; lichens forty-two genera and one hundred and 

 thirty species. It was to lichenology that Mr. Mann paid special 

 attention, and the collection was made almost entirely by him. 



Of the flowering jilants, the most remarkable lamily is the Lobeliacece, 

 represented by six genera, five peculiar to the Hawaiian Islands, and 

 thirty-five species, all endemic. Many of these, indeed almost all, are 

 ai'borescent, and some of great interest. Our explorations added ten 

 new species and one very remarkable genus (Brighamia) to this family. 

 The Composiice hold an important place, as will be seen by the accom- 

 panying table, and of these the new genus Hesperomannia} and four 

 new species were collected. 



Remy endeavored to divide the island flora into five zones, but with 

 indifi'erent success; three are tolerably distinct, — the alluvial plains, the 

 valleys and the mountain region. The alluvial plains are on the shores, 

 where most of the introduced plants are found. The valleys, which have 

 generally been long the residence of man, and have been cultivated 

 and cleared, are more tropical, and because better watered than the 

 plains, and of richer soil than the mountains, are filled with a 

 much more luxuriant vegetation; in this region are found most of 

 the introduced fruits, as the orange, lime, tamarind, avocado pear, 

 banana, guava, as well as the Eugenia, many LeguminosfE, ginger and 

 the all-important kalo. The third, or mountain region, extends from 

 the grass lands which usually occupy the lower slopes of the moun- 



1 See Memoirs of this Society, Vol. I, p. 527, pi. xx. 



