82 SOUTII-AFPJCAX BUTTERFLIES. 



flattened, its aual extremity bluntly bifid. Silken girth in depression 

 about base of abdomen, only free from a point near middle of each 

 wing-cover. 



The above characters of larva and pupa are taken from specimens 

 of those stages of T. Antevippe (Boisd.) received alive from Colonel 

 Bowker, and also from spirit specimens of another Teracolus (T. Achinc, 

 Cram., or T. Gavisa, Wallengr.) obtained from Mr. W. D. Gooch. A 

 pupa of T. Pleione, (King), in the British Museum, is of a somewhat 

 stouter build, but does not materially differ. 



The pupa of Teracolus is at once distinguishable from that of Antlio- 

 charis by its much shorter and more abruptly (instead of very gradually) 

 acuminate head, and much more bulging wing-covers. Its outline 

 and shape combine most of the characters of Anthocharis and Colias, 

 while the prominent keeled wing-covers resemble those of Gonepteryx. 



The alliance of this genus with Fieris is apparent, the chief dis- 

 tinguishing characters being the shorter palpi and antennas and the 

 differing neuration of the fore-wings, in which the first and second 

 subcostal nervules originate close together at some distance before the 

 extremity of the discoidal cell, and the upper radial nervule is united 

 to the subcostal nervure just at the extremity of that cell. Its affinity 

 to the genus Colias is more remote (although in pattern and colouring 

 of the under side the Amata group has a strong resemblance to it, and 

 the robust type species, T. suhfasciatus, is not unlike it in appear- 

 ance), the antennic and palpi being totally different, as well as the 

 subcostal neuration of the fore-wings. 



It is not without reluctance that I adopt Swainson's name of 

 Teracolus ^ for this genus ; but, as I agree with Mr. Butler that Swain- 

 son's type (Suhfasciatus), though presenting several special minor char- 

 acters, cannot be generically separated either from Idmais, Boisd., 

 or Callosunc, Doubl., the law of priority demands this course. 



Neither structure nor pattern is by any means uniform in this 

 large and difficult group. Besides the variations pointed out in my 

 diagnosis, numerous divergences occur as regards the thickness of both 

 antennas and wings and the system of coloration in the latter. After 

 careful investigation of a large number of species, I consider that the 

 genus may with advantage be arranged in nineteen sections," as fol- 

 lows, viz. : — 



Section I. — Representative : Suhfasciatus, Sws. 

 General structure rohust ; ^vings thick. Antcnnce rather short and 

 thick, with hroad hlunt club. Fore-wings acute in hoth sexes ; hind-wings 



■' The derivation of this name given in Agassiz's Nomcndator Zoologicus, viz., "r^pas, 

 miraculum ; kuXos, mntilus," seems altogether fanciful; and it is almost certain, from 

 Swainson's text, that tlie founder coined the term as a combination of Tcrias and Colias. 

 In Swainson's figure of the neuration the first subcostal nervule is omitted. 



- The sections which appear to have no representative in South Africa proper are 

 enclosed within square brackets. 



