124 SOUTH-AFRICAX BUTTERFLIES. 



$ Ground-colour much paler, sometimes nearly ivhite ; orange apical 

 patch paler and duller, ivith very slight pink gloss. Fore-wing : a 

 rather large, black, disco-cellular spot ; beyond it a curved discal trans- 

 verse row of five good-sized blackish spots crossing the orange, — the 

 first and second respectively above and below first discoidal nervule, — 

 the third and fourth respectively above and below second median 

 nervule, — the fifth and largest between first median nervule and sub- 

 median nervure ; base and costa greyish ; apical patch margined out- 

 wardly with blackish, which slightly indents the orange on nervules, 

 sometimes forming a large blackish mark at posterior angle, below and 

 touching the orange. Hind-iving : along hind-margin a row of large, 

 ill-defined, blackish spots at extremities of nervules, but not reaching 

 farther than extremity of second median nervule. Ujv'DER side. — 

 Fore-wing : white, or very pale-yellowish ; disco-cellular spot and row 

 of spots as on upper side, but not so strongly marked ; costa and apex 

 darker than in $, the former faintly irrorated with brown, the latter 

 more widely so than in ^ ; hind-marginal dots as in ^. Hind-wing : 

 clearer in tint than in $, not so reddish, irrorations darker ; a conspi- 

 cuous, shining-white, disco-cellular spot ; a distinct angulated, brown, 

 transverse discal stripe or shade, the edges of which are not clearly 

 defined ; hind-marginal dots as in $ Ictivecn nervules. Apex of fore- 

 wing more rounded titan in $. 



In some specimens of the ^, the discal blackish spots on the upper 

 side are considerably smaller and fainter than as above described, and 

 occasionally they are all but obsolete. 



Larva. — When first hatched, bright-orange ; afterwards brownish- 

 green ; finally, dull glaucous bluish-green, with a darker median dorsal 

 stripe, and a pale-yellow (almost white) stripe on each side above the 

 legs. Food-plant, Cadaha Natalensis (Cap2)aridcce). 



Pupa. — Bright-green, with a thin yellow lateral line. 



Mr. J. P. Mansel Weale, to whom I owe the above note of the 

 larva and pupa, mentioned in a letter to me (and has also recorded in 

 Trans. Fnt. Soc. Zofid., 1877, pp. 273-275) that the $ Keiskamma 

 ( = Topha, Wallengr.) laid her small, fluted orange-coloured eggs singly 

 on the summit of the flower-buds of the food-plant, and that the young 

 larva penetrates the bud, where it passes its first stage. The latest 

 colouring of the caterpillar assimilates so nearly to that of the leaves 

 that it is difficult to discover the insect, and Mr. Weale obtained most 

 of his specimens by beating the shrub. Finding that the pup^ varied 

 a good deal in colour when developed in confinement, Mr. Weale tried 

 the effect of rearing some specimens '' in glass test-tubes exposed on 

 coloured cards, in which they were partially enveloped," with the result 

 that on a vermilion card one pupa was pale-ochreous and another pale 

 bluish-green ; on a gamboge-yellow card, bright-green ; on green card 

 (cobalt and gamboge), ochreous ; on cobalt-blue card, greenish-white. 

 Exposed on the food-plant in nature, the pupa was bright-green ; on 



