172 SOUTH- AFRICAN BUTTERFLIES. 



liind-margiual border varying in width in accordanco with that of 

 fore-wing, attenuated to a point at apex and anal angle, its inner 

 edo-e irreo"ularly dentate on uervules, and almost alwaj's exhibiting a 

 considerable projection (extremely variable in size and shape) between 

 second subcostal and radial uervules. Cilia mixed brownish and 

 whitish in fore-wing ; whitish or yellowish in hind-wing. Under 

 SIDE, — Fore-wing : liind-marginal horder internalli/ hIacJdsh, but exter- 

 nally silvery-grey stippled and clouded 'with ferrnginous, which consti- 

 tutes an outer border wide superiorly, and tapering to a point about 

 first median nervule, and is bounded superiorly by a costal-apical 

 creamy-yellow or ochrey-yellow irregular marking, the inner edge 

 of which corresponds with the position of the two white or yellowish 

 spots of the upper side. Hind-iving : creamy or ochrcous yelloiu ; 

 Idnd-marginal larder silvery-grey, more or less densely stippled and 

 clouded ivitli ferruginous or ferruginous-lroiun ; inner edge of border 

 more irregular than on upper side, and sharply defined by a ferruginous- 

 brown line, — the inward projection between second subcostal and radial 

 nervules always narrower and longer, almost always extending as far as 

 third median nervule a little beyond extremity of discoidal cell, and 

 thence often prolonged by some ferruginous scaling so as to join an irre- 

 gular compound double spot of the same colouring between first median 

 nervule and submedian nervure ; close to inner edge of border (and often 

 so united with it as to enclose a small spot of the ground-colour), be- 

 tween first and second median nervules, an elongate grey-and-ferru- 

 giuous spot ; ^ a larger irregular elongate mark, of the same colouring, 

 on costa a little before middle, ending on first subcostal nervule ; two 

 small rounded spots near base, one in cell and the other below it ; and 

 a still smaller terminal disco-cellular spot. 



$ Like $, hut liind-marginal horder broader (especially about poste- 

 rior angles), of a rctther duller hlacJc, and its inner edge more irregular, 

 emitting {especially on second and first median nervules of fore-wing and 

 third median nervule of himl-wing) much larger and deeper dentations ; 

 the principal projection in fore- wing less prominent (owing to width 

 of lower half of border) and excavated at extremity, and that in hind- 

 wing very much broader and more truncate. Under side. — As in 

 $, but the grey of the markings not silvery, the ferruginous-brown 

 darker, the lesser markings of the hind-wing often smaller, and the 

 great projection of the hind-wing border not united to the spot below 

 first median nervule by ferruginous scaling. 



The $ varies very greatly in the development of the black border. 

 Specimens like that figured by Hiibner, with a rather narrow border, 

 are frequently met with ; while not only are numerous gradations found 

 up to and beyond as broad a border as that figured by Doubleday 

 (wliich Hewitson, op. cit., proposed to separate as E. Erxia), but instances 

 are not rare of ^ s with very much narrower borders than Hiibner 



^ This marking is rarely (two examples) reproduced in black on the upper side. 



