168 TAPERS BY DR. B. CLEMENS. 



except near its mouth. The upper edge is slightly curved, 

 and almost at the hinder end is a slight notch, which is some- 

 times wanting, and the hinder end is squarely excised. Colour 

 of the case pale reddish-brown. 



6. C. Tilicefoliella. The larva feeds on the leaves of the 

 linden from the beginning to the latter part of May. 



The case is black, somewhat pistol-formed; straight along 

 the upper edge, turned abruptly down so as to form a handle- 

 like appendage behind, with a toothed, flattened projection 

 about the middle of the under edge, whence to the mouth of 

 the case it is cylindrical. The body of the larva is dull, dark 

 brown and the dorsal plates and head black. 



At this date the larva does not mine the leaf, but eats holes 

 in it, devouring its substance. The case is fixed to the under 

 surface of the leaf, and is easily seen, even on the leaves of the 

 higher branches. 



The larva enters on pupation in the latter days of May or 

 early in June. 



7. C. Querciella. The larva feeds on the leaves of oaks in 

 October. 



It does not make a mine at that date, but picks out the 

 parenchyma of the leaf from the under surface, leaving the 

 net-work of veins and the upper epidermis of the leaf entire. 



The case is blackish-brown and smooth, the larva permit- 

 ting the lower edge of the case to come in contact with the 

 leaf. The case is slightly pistol-formed ; the portion near 

 the mouth circular and deflected, beyond which it widens and 

 rises on the upper edge to a hump or projection about the 

 hinder third, whence the outline descends to the posterior 

 end, which is squarely excised. The under edge is curved to 

 a notch nearly opposite to the hump on the upper edge. 



The habits of the larva are similar to the European C. ibi- 

 pcnnella ; but the case differs from it in form. 



