100 



sparsely placed and usually small granules on the lateral convexities, and 

 very minute granules on the narrower, less elevated suture. 



Type.— A female; length, 2-3 mm.; B X Mt., Vernon, B.C.; 29-VI-14, 

 J.M.S.; Pseudotsuga taxifolia; 2617; fifteen paratypes, same labels. Type 

 No. 105. 



Host trees. — Douglas Fir, Alpine Fir. 



Distribution. — Vernon District, British Columbia, taken in the trunk 

 of a small dying Douglas fir, evidently a primary enemy; California. 



Pityophthorus carmeli, n. sp. 



Closely allied to P. tuherculatus Eichh. and P. pseudotsugce Sw. ; length, 

 2 • 6 mm. ; a female; the front of the head very broadly moderately concave 

 on the whole surface, finely closely punctured and somewhat sparsely 

 clothed with nearly straight yellow hairs, shorter towards the centre and 

 very long about the margin; the pronotuni as long as wide, distinctly con- 

 stricted in front of the middle and moderately rounded in front, the serra- 

 tions of the front margin very feeble, the median pair longer, the asperities 

 of the frontal half small and irregular, transversely impressed behind the 

 summit, coarsely and closely punctured on the caudal half, with a smooth 

 feebly convex median space, wider at the middle; the elytra twice as long 

 as the pronotum, the striae feebly impressed, with the punctures close, of 

 medium size, and fairly regular; the declivity broadly sulcate, smooth and 

 shining, with only faint traces of granules. 



The male has the front impressed on the epistoma, with a postepistomal 

 transverse carina, the median line smooth, upper part of front covered in 

 our single specimen. 



Type. — A female; Carmel, California; Ralph Hopping; 2934; three 

 paratypes, two females and one male, same labels. Type No. 104. 



Pityophthorus nitidulus Mannh.; Bull. Mosc, 298 (Bostrichus), 1843. 



The Sitka specimen in the Leconte collection, bearing the label 

 "Bostrichus nitidulus Mannerh.; Sitka," was probably received from Man- 

 nerheim himself, and may be accepted as fixing the species. 



It is difficult to decide from Mannerheim's specimen of nitidulus, 

 Leconte's descriptions and types of atratulus and puncticollis, and the 

 available material whether we have to deal with one species, or two, or 

 three. A study of the types of the last two species in conjunction with 

 long series from Monterey pine of California, and pine and spruce of 

 California, Oregon and British Columbia, leads me to believe that atratulus 

 and puncticollis are the same. The variation in length is from 1 • 5 mm. to 

 2-4 mm. A short series from Queen Charlotte Islands, probably from 

 Sitka spruce, slightly larger and stouter than Mannerheim's specimen are 

 probably a variation of nitidulus. Until more material is available for 

 study, especially from Northern British Columbia and Alaska, I am 



PLATE 23. 

 BARK-BEETLE TUNNELS (Original). 



Fig. 1, Alniphagus aspericollis Lee, tunnels in western alder; three-fourths natural size. 



Fig. 2, Ips pini Say, larva and pupa in the tunnels; twice natural size. 



Fig. 3, Crypturgus alomus Lee, in white spruce bark; one and one-half natural size. 



Fig. 4, 4a, Dendroctonus simplex Lee, in eastern larch, showing part of the brood; 4a, showing 



a predacious larva; one-half natural size. 

 Fig. 5, Chramesus icoriae Lee, in hickory; about natural size. 



Fig. 6, 7, Cryphalus balsameus Hopk., tunnel in eastern balsam twigs; twice natural size. 

 Fig. 8, Ips pini Say, tunnels in a weather worn white pine branch; one-half natural size. 



