628 FUNGI. 



Persiau, and Hazaz-el-sakhar "rock-scab/^ Leith says: — "It 

 is a thing that spreads itself upon the trees called BaliU and 

 8nm\har (oak and pine) as though it were pared off from a root 

 (o^-c u^^ j^j^SA) ^Jl^); and it is sweet in odour, and white." 

 {Kdmus,) In Persia these lichens are known as Ushnah and 

 Dowalah. The author of the Makhzan-el-Adiciya states that 

 Ushnah grows upon the oak, cypress, and other trees; that 

 which is whitest should be preferred ; it should have an agree- 

 able odour. He describes it as astringent, resolvent, and 

 aperient, and says that the decoction is used as a tonic and 

 alterative; when burnt, the smoke relieves headache, the 

 powder is a good cexihalic snuff. Externally the drug has 

 emollient and astringent properties, and may be used in a bath 

 or as a poultice, &c. The dry powder is applied to womids 

 and sores to promote granulation. Honigberger mentions the 

 use of ^ the drug at Lahore in disorders of the stomach, 

 dyspepsia, vomiting, pain in the liver or womb, induration of 



the uterus, amenorrhoea, calculi, and nocturnal spermatic 

 discharges. 



Tamool 



Ainslie (ii., 170) says : « KuU-pashie is the 

 to a dried palo-colourcd rock mo^, which the Vytians suppose 

 to possess a peculiar cooling quality, and prepare with it a 

 Iinmient for the head." 



The use of those lichens in the form of a poultice, placed 

 over the renal and lumbar regions to produce diuresis, is 

 noticed m the P/iarmacoj^cBia of India. 



FUNGI. 



MYLITTA LAPIDESCENS. Horan. 



Fig.—Trans. Linn. Soc, ml. xxiii., t. 9, p. 97. 



Hab.— India and China. 



Vernacular.— Ctxrom-^silhgnm {Tarn.), Luy-wan {Chinn). 



History, Uses, &C.— This curious underground fungus 

 sunnosed to be alliWl fr* +k^ *„..m_^ t • j • o^..fT.^rTi 



