APPENDTX, 131 



leaves of the belladonna plant both contained principally Iiyoscya- 

 mine, with small quantities of ready -formed atropine. As to the 

 fruit, the unripe benies of the wild plant contained chiefly hyoscya- 

 miuc and a little atropinCj but the ripe fniit contained only atropine, 

 The ripe berries of ciUtivatcd i>lants, however, yielded both hyoscya- 

 niinc and atropine, while the ripe ]>erries from var. lufca gava 

 atropine and a small quantity of a ■ base probably identical with 

 Hesse's atropamine. Turning to otlier SolanaceoTis plants, fresh 

 and old stramonium seeds yielded chiefly hyoscyamine^ together with 

 small quantities of already-formed atropine, and scopolamine. Tho 

 leaves of the potato j)laut {Solannm tv.herosiim)^ besides yielding 

 bctaine, gave indications of the presence of an alkaloid havin^* a 

 mydriatic action, whicli seemed also to resemble a mydriatic base 

 present in Solanum nigrum and Lychhn hcirharum. Tho leaves of 

 Nicotiana tahacum also yielded traces of a mydriatic alkaloid, and 

 lastly the seed, herb, and root of Anisodus luridus all contained 

 hyoscyamine only, (Pharm, Journ., Nov. 28, ]891.) 



Tobacco Smoke. 



+ 



Tobacco-smoke varies in character according to the proportion of 

 air admitted dui-ing eombustioUj oxidation being necessarily more 

 perfect in the case of a cigar than when the tobacco is smoked in a 

 pipe. In the latter case, a portion of the condcnsiblo products is 

 deposited in the liquid state. Tobacco-smoke consists in part of 

 permanent gases, the proportions of carbon dioxide and carbon mono- 

 oxide in wliieh have been determined by G. Krause* Vohl foxuid 

 sulphuretted hydrogen and hydrocyanic acid, and from 0*7 to 2' 8 

 grammes of ammonia for 100 of tobacco smoked. Vohl and Eulcnber 

 (^Ai'ch, Tharm.y [2], cxlvi., 130) experimented on the smoke of stron^ 

 tobacco, burnt both in pipes and in the form of cigars. The smoke 

 was first aspirated through a solution of caustic potash, and then 

 through dilute sulphuric acid. The alkali absorbed carbon dioxide, 

 sulphuretted hydrogen, hydrocyanic, formic, acetic, proponic, butyric 

 and valeric acids, phenol and creosote; the presence of caproic, caprilic 

 and succinic acids could not be ascertained conclusively. Tlie 

 acid absorbed avamonmy ppndine, C'H^N, and all the homologues of 

 the series to viridine, 0^'H^^Nj inclusive. In addition io the above, 

 rarbon monoxide, methane, and several hydrocarbons of the acetyl- 

 ene series were detected. Pyridine was the chief base in the smoke 



s 



