affectinrj the Clover-crops and Pasture-lands. 69 



above and hairs below, external lobe curved, linear, rounded at 

 the apex ; palpi or feelers rather long^, hairy, and 5-jointed ; the 

 thorax or trunk not larger than the head, margined, orbicular- 

 quadrate ; scutellum concealed ; the elytra or wing-cases attached 

 beneath the thorax, and lying parallel on the back, oblong, 

 coriaceous, without nervures ; the two wings are delicate, ample, 

 with numerous radiating nervures, folded several times, one 

 lying under each elytron, with a small portion projecting beyond 

 it ; abdomen broader than the elytra, 9-jointed in the male, with 

 a small elevated knot on each side of the second and third joints, 

 and also at the apex — 7-jointed in the female ; the apex furnished 

 with a pair of moveable forceps, curved and toothed in the male, 

 curved only at the apex in the female. It has 6 legs, hinder pair 

 a little the lonc^est ; thighs thickened ; the feet 3-jointed, the 

 second joint is heart-shaped, and the third terminated by two 

 slender acute claws. 



The male is 7 lines long ; ochreous, head rufous, disk of thorax 

 pitchy ; abdomen castaneous ; forceps much shorter than the 

 abdomen, and very much curved. Female a little smaller ; 

 forceps nearly straight, attenuated, and finely serrated internally, 

 excejit at the apex, which is curved. The other species has been 

 named 



28. F. BoREALis, by Leach, 



from its having been observed by him in the north of England 

 and Scotland ; but it is abundant everywhere. The male is 8 

 or 9 lines long, ochreous; horns lurid, excepting the basal joint; 

 head rufous, eyes black ; disk of thorax pitchy ; elytra lurid, the 

 apex of the folded wings internally brown ; abdomen chesnut- 

 coloured, pitchy at the base and apex ; forceps nearly as long as 

 the abdomen, moderately curved, stout, chesnut-coloured, ochre- 

 ous at the base, with a strong tooth on the inside of each towards 

 the base, where there are smaller teeth. The specimens I take 

 to be females have the forceps less curved than in F. auricular i a. ^' 

 It may be well to observe that there is a little earwig called 

 LaMa minor which might be taken by those who are ignorant of 

 the transformations of these insects for a young earwig, but it is 

 totally distinct from those just described ; it seems to be attached 

 to muck-heaps and dunghills, from whence it sometimes emerges 

 in swarms, covering everything around, having two beautiful 

 wings, and delighting to ily in the sunshine. 



No doubt earwigs have many enemies in the smaller birds 

 and reptiles, but I am not aware of any parasites having been 

 discovered to keep them in check. There are some beetles, 



Vide Curt. Brit. Ent., fol. and pi. 560. 



