Farmyard Manure. 135 



described above ; and after the free ammonia was removed, 

 quick lime was added to the remainder of the concentrated liquid 

 for the purpose of separating any ammonia present in the form 

 of salts, which are not decomposed simply by boiling. 



In this way the following results were obtained : — 



One imperial gallon of drainings contained 3o'25 grains of 

 free ammonia and 3'11 grains of ammonia in the form of salts, 

 not decomposed simply on boiling, but by continued boiling with, 

 quick lime. 



Evaporated to dryness, 7000 grains furnished 62"51 grains 

 of solid matters, dried at 212^ Fahr,; or one imperial gallon 

 was found to contain 625"10 grains of solid matters. On heat- 

 ing to redness, 62'51 grains left 3(r89 grains of ash. This ash 

 was submitted to a detailed analysis, and calculated for one 

 imperial gallon of the drainings. 



According to the analytical results obtained in these different 

 determinations, an imperial gallon of these drainings contained — 



Volatile and combustible constituents 395'66 



/ Ammonia driven out on boiling .. .. 3G'25 j Together. 

 Ammonia in the state of salts decomposed \ SiJ'oL) 



VV / by quick lime 3"11 



Viz. I 



\ Ulmic and humic acid 125-;"0 



Carbonic acid, expelled on boiling 88'20 



vOther organic matters (containing 3'59 of nitrogen) 142 60 



Mineral matters (asb) 368'98 



r Soluble silica 1'50 



Phosphate of lime, with a little phosphate of iron.. 'J5*C'l 



Carbonate of lime 34'91 



,, magnesia 25*66 



Sulphate of lime 4'36 



Chloride of sodium 4o"70 



,, potassium 70'50 



^Carbonate of potash 170"54 



395-66 



368-98 



Total per gallon 76-4-64 



These analytical results suggest the following remarks : — 



1. It will be seen that these drainings contain a good deal of 

 ammonia, which should not be allowed to run to waste. 



2. They also contain phosphate of lime, a constituent not 

 present in the urine of animals. The fermentation of the dung- 

 heap thus brings a portion of the phosphates contained in 

 manure into a soluble state, and enables them to be washed out 

 by any watery liquid that comes in contact with them. 



3. Drainings of dung-heaps are rich in alkaline salts, especially 

 in the more valuable salts of potash. 



