160 Dairy Management. 



They will furthei' have required adequate food — 



1 omit the minerals, which are observed to be in excess of the 

 requirements. 



For the maintenance of a fair sized cow for one day in a normal 

 state, the following elements seem adequate : — 



In 20 lbs. of Hay .. 



120 „ Turnips 



1-85 

 1-98 



•536 

 ■20 



Starch, &c. 



7-95 

 7-82 



Lime. 



■90 

 •97 



Mineral 

 Ingre- 

 dients. 

 I'lii.ispliorio 

 Acid. 



1-U 

 1-9 



When cows are in milk, there occurs a much greater activity 

 of the functions ; they eat and drink more, evacuate more excre- 

 ment, and, in all probability, spend considerably more food in 

 respiration. Whilst the 17'60 lbs. per day dry matter in 20 lbs. 

 of hay are found adequate for the maintenance of a cow in a 

 store state, the six cows in milk have eaten on the average 

 21"37 lbs. solid matter per day during the 27^ weeks. When 

 I have fattened cattle together with a number of milk cows of 

 similar size, which gave on an average 8 quarts of milk per day, 

 the whole being fed with moist steamed food, and receiving the 

 same allowance of green food, I have found the fattening cattle 

 refuse water, whilst the milk cows on the average drank upwards 

 of 40 lbs. per day of water given separately : the 8 c[uarts of milk 

 contain only about 17*58 lbs. of water ; still in several analyses of 

 excrement I have noticed little difference in the percentage of 

 moisture in that from the fattening animals as compared with 

 that from cows giving milk. 



These facts would seem to show that upwards of 20 lbs. more 

 water were given off from the lungs and pores of the skin of a 

 milking than of a fattening animal. 



The excrement of the six milk cows, 88 lbs. per day on the 

 average, is found to contain of nitrogen '36, equal to that in 

 2*25 lbs. of albumen; whilst 1-85 of albumen in the 20 lbs. of 

 hay is found adequate for maintenance. 



