1G4 Dairy Management. 



The whole computed gain in solid food by milk-cows is nearly 

 three-fold, whilst that of casein is nearly ten-fold the amount of 

 dry fibrine gained in fattening. 



There is besides a consideration affecting the two processes : 

 by that of milking there is a continuous drain on the albumen of 

 the food by the production of casein, whilst by fattening the 

 tendency is to repletion of the fibrine. When this has acquired 

 its full development, the requirements of albumen iji the food- 

 will be limited to what is necessary for the maintenance of the 

 flesh. 



Excrements of Fattening Cattle. — With the object of informing 

 myself, and for the better understanding of my practice, I had 

 recourse to the following experiments during the years 1852 and 

 1853. Eight fair-sized fattening cattle were supplied daily with 



18 lbs. oat straw, shells of oats, and bean-straw. 

 4 „ rape-cake and bean-meal. 



22 



with which they drank about 70 lbs. of water each. The yield 

 from this in solid and liquid excrement was found to be, for 

 every 100 lbs. fodder and water, 72^ lbs. excrement, being about 

 10 tons per animal during the year. I give the analysis of the 

 excrement by Professor Way : — 



• lbs. 



Moisture 81-77 



Organic matter, sand, and silica .. .. 15'51 



Phosphate of lime *65 



Other substances 2-7 



100-00 



Nitrogen -45 = ammonia -54 per cent. 



The next cattle under experiment were eight heifers which 

 had scarcely attained their full growth. After allowing a 

 short time for change of food, they gained evenly and steadily 

 throughout 16 weeks, during which their weight increased from 7f 

 to 9| cwt. each (on the average), being 14 lbs. per week. They 

 were supplied with turnips or other green food at the rate of 

 60 lbs. per day — with chopped straw, together with 4 lbs. rape- 

 cake and 2 lbs. of bean-meal each per day for ten weeks ; from 

 this time, during six weeks, to the conclusion of the experiment 

 3 lbs. each per day of rape-cake in addition, making 7 lbs. rape- 

 cake and 2 lbs. bean-meal per day for each. I supply the 

 amount and description of food for 21 days, during which the 

 7 lbs. of rape and 2 lbs. of bean-meal per day to each were 

 given : — 



