8 Report upon the Afjricultural Features 



our own ; but we may look in consequence to a rapid modifica- 

 tion of the breed in their hands. 



The following are the measurements of two fat steers described 

 as red-and-black Shorthorn crosses, exhibited by the Archduke 

 Albrecht : — 



Girth 



Height at shoutder 

 Length from shoulder to tail liead 

 Length from poll to tail head 

 Shoulder point to hook bone 



Girth above knee 



Girth below knee 



Italian Cattle. 



There were 35 head of cattle entered from Italy, but only 10 

 appeared. They were generally described in the catalogue as 

 bulls, cows, or calves, and were self-coloured,* varying in indi- 

 viduals from a very light grey approaching white, to fawn 

 colour. The skin around the eyes and on the nose was black. 

 The colour, as is often the case in these light-coloured races, 

 was darker on the neck and inside the ears. The horns were 

 turned up, short, and black tipped. Three cattle from Turin 

 were of a richer colour, and especially one of the calves was 

 of a fine fawn colour. One of the bull calves was purchased 

 by Mr. Robert Russell of Farningham, Kent, and brought to 

 England after much trouble and delay, in company with a cow 

 and two heifers of the Swiss race, and some Merino ewes in lamb 

 (see page 5). The animals of the Reggio race in this department 

 were similar to those just described, but were of a much richer 

 fawn colour. 



German Cattle. 



One hundred and twenty head of cattle were entered from 

 Germany, including specimens of ten races, in the following 

 proportions : — 38 Dutch cattle (Hollanders) ; 10 East Friesland ; 

 5 West Friesland ; 16 crossed Dutch and East Friesland ; 

 11 Oldenburg; 1 Friburg ; 3 Groningen ; 16 Baden (Badner- 

 landschlag, and from Messkirch in Baden) ; 1 Montafuner ; 

 7 Shorthorns ; 1 Shorthorn crossed with Pinzgauer ; 9 Simmen- 

 thaler ; and 2 Scotch polled Angus. Of these, the Simmen- 

 thaler and Friburg are of Swiss origin, while the Dutch, 

 Oldenburg, East and West Friesland, are essentially Dutch cattle, 



* By this term is meant that the colour was uuiform over the whole bodv. 



