of the Vienna Exhibition, 1873. 9 



closely resembling each other. These cattle are familiar to 

 English agriculturists under the name of Dutch cattle, and under 

 the various designations above given they formed a very leading 

 feature in the German section of the Cattle-show. About 90 per 

 cent, of this race are black and white ; 5 per cent, are grey 

 and white, and 5 per cent, are red, or red and white. A mixed 

 " pepper-and-salt," or black and white roan is also sometimes- 

 noticeable. These cattle give a large quantity of milk of watery 

 quality. A large landed proprietor who supplies milk to Vienna^ 

 purchased Dutch cows for the purpose, but was compelled to 

 relinquish them in favour of the Allgauer (Bavarian) race, in. 

 order to retain his customers. The following descriptions of 

 these cattle were taken on the ground, and will give some idea 

 of their form and character. No. 150 was a characteristic bull 

 of the West Friesland sub-variety of the Dutch race, exhibited 

 by K. C. Riist, Bingum, Hanover. The colour was black and 

 white, and the hair was short and not indicating what we in 

 England call " quality." The horns were short and black, the 

 muzzle black, the buttocks rather drooping, and the back a little 

 narrow. The same gentleman exhibited three really handsome 

 milking cows (Nos. 1.52—4), of the same race, black and white in 

 colour, with long heads, black or speckled muzzles, short horns 

 curved forward, and tipped with black ; fine necks, good general 

 forms, but a little narrow, and rather drooping in the hind- 

 quarters. The quality, as indicated by touch, was fair, and the 

 cows showed good, well-developed udders. The same exhibitor 

 also owned the three Groningen cows above-mentioned. They 

 were of silver grey, and black and white colours, and were, like 

 all Mr. Rust's exhibits, born in Holland. The specimens of 

 East Friesland cattle noticed were exhibited by the East Friesland 

 Agricultural Society, Bingum, Hanover, and were black and 

 white, grey and white, and reddish-brown in colour. 



The Oldenburg cattle are black and white, and occasionally 

 grey and white. They are in appearance scarcely discernible 

 from what are described as Dutch, but are said to yield a richer 

 milk, to be handsomer in form, more easily fattened, and finer 

 in the bone. All the cattle exhibited under this name were 

 bred in the Province of Oldenburg, which is contiguous to, and 

 is nearly surrounded by, what was recently the kingdom of 

 Hanover. We must also notice the specimens of Dutch cattle 

 exhibited by Messrs. Boekhoff, Brothers, of Bingum, East Fries- 

 land, all of which were bred in Holland. The herd consists of 400 

 head, and these are bred entirely for milk. The exhibitor supplies 

 the whole demand for all the estates of the Archduke Albrecht,, 

 where these cattle are required. A bull and seven cows from 

 this stock were sold for 4000 florins (400/.) during the Exhibition.. 



