32 He-port upon the Agricvltiiral Features 



ft. in. 



Girth ' .. 1 'Z 



Length from shoulder to rump 5 4 



Total length from poll to rump 6 4 



Shoulder point to hook .. .. 4 Si 



Height at shoulder 4 9 



Girth above knee 13 



Girth below knee 82 



The finest race of Hungarian cattle is that to be seen at the 

 Imperial Estate of Mezohegjes, in Lower Hungary, where a fine 

 breeding herd of the Csaky breed is maintained. Splendid 

 cattle are also to be seen on the shores of the Flatten See, upon 

 the estates of Count Festetics. The Transjlvanian closely re- 

 sembles the Hungarian ox, but has more spreading horns. 

 Mr. Paget, who has resided many years in Transylvania, drew 

 my attention to this point in the case of No. 788, a fine ox 

 described as Hungarian-Transylvanian. This ox possessed 

 wide-spreading horns characteristic of his Transylvanian parent, 

 whereas tlie true Hungarian ox carries his horns more up- 

 rightly. The Hungarian ox is also higher at tlie withers, 

 lower behind, and not so straight in the back as the 

 Transvlvanian ox, and has a less quiet eye. Mr. Paget 

 informs me that the Transylvanian ox is allowed on all hands 

 to be a first-rate animal for draught, and that his pace is 

 equal to that of a horse. It is also acknowledged to be better 

 for fattening and milking than the true Hungarian race. Mr. 

 Paget at the same time acknowledged that the fault of these 

 cattle is, that they give too little milk and hold it for only a short 

 time. Four oxen bred between these two rival but very similar 

 races, exhibited by Count Stubenberg, of Szekelyhid, Hungary 

 (No. 8(54), were pointed out as examples of fast Hungarian 

 cattle. The back was very straight, the legs strong, and the 

 whole animal apparently well fitted for draught. They were 

 not quite so large as the ordinary Hungarian ox, but are said to 

 bear changes of temperature well. A large number of the 

 Transvlvanian young cattle are purchased by Hungarians for 

 draught. 



Oxen grow scarcer in Hungary every year, f)wing to the 

 practice of breaking up tlie meadows and pastures, and no 

 estates were visited where they lireed a surplus quantity — all and 

 more are required for work. The Gulya or herd roams on the 

 wooded pastures by the banks of the Danube, or on the extensive 

 plains where the land is still in the condition of pasture. . The 

 cows calve fnjm January to July, and hide their offspring for 

 five or six weeks in the woods among bushes or in some secluded 

 place. The young calf is of dark tawny or fawn colour at first,, 

 but irradually changes to a "rev creamy colour, and finally to 



