the Austro- Hung avian Empire. 365 



modious houses and offices for the officials of the estate. The 

 staff comprises a hofrichter or head-steward, rent-meister," en- 

 jrineer, book-keeper, cashier, and sheep-flock verwalter at Tot- 

 Meg-jer ; and in the seven districts there are 7 verwalters, 

 •8 adjunckten, 1 doctor of medicine, and 1 veterinary surgeon. 

 There are also a pretty church and parsonage, a good school, and 

 a casino, where the stewards meet and enjoy themselves in the 

 evening. 



The stewards live apparently very comfortably, having good 

 commodious houses, with out-buildings for their cows and pigs, 

 as well as for a pair of good horses and carriage, for taking 

 them over their wide-lying farms. 



The farm-buildings at Tot-Megyer ai'e very fine, and com- 

 prise stables for oxen, horses, stud-horses, and foals ; feeding- 

 byres and servants' lodgings. These form a large square ; and 

 there is also a spacious implement-shed behind the cottages. 



The sheep stables are on a large scale, and form a separate 

 square, appropriated to ewes, lambs, and rams. 



The workshop comprises accommodation for blacksmiths and 

 wheelwrights on the ground-floor, and for fitters, turners, car- 

 penters, and saddlers above. Thus all the repairs of the estate 

 are done at home, and many new implements and machines are 

 also constructed on the estate. 



After inspecting the buildings we drove over the home-farm, 

 passing through a fine alley of trees, on either side of which 

 extended regularly laid out fields of black, free-working soil, 

 which became heavier as the Waag was approached. Next the 

 river are very extensive pastures and meadows, separated from 

 the arable land by a dyke or bank, to prevent the water from 

 flooding the crops when the snow melts upon the Carpathians. 



Herds of fine Hungarian cattle, and flocks of 400 and 500 

 ewes, were noticed ; and also good crops of cereals, and espe- 

 pecially of barley. Sugar-beet was also seen for the first time 

 since I had entered Hungary. It is sown in rows 16 inches 

 apart, and singled to 5 and 6 inches between the plants. After 

 singling and horse-hoeing, the plants are earthed up over the 

 tops of the roots with 2 inches deep of soil. On this estate the 

 beet is sold to the sugar factory at Surany, which is the largest in 

 Hungary. The pulp, which weighs 20 per cent, of the entire 

 sugar-beet, is returned as fodder. On driving to Ondroho, one 

 of the districts of Tot-Megyer, I had the opportunitv of con- 

 trasting the farming of the estate with that of the adjoining 

 peasants ; and, as was usually the case, the comparison was 

 much in favour of the former. The same flat character of 

 country was still preserved, and the acacia-bounded drives con- 

 tinued to form a feature as we passed the district of Logoshalma. 



