the Austro- Hung avian Emjnrc. 379 



addition of 4 lbs. of barley and lentil-meal. The remainder of 

 the period they receive 6 lbs. of meal with pulp, hay, and chaff, 

 as above. The ineal is all given in the shape of a thin gruel 

 with a little salt in it. Here, as at Kwassitz, it was known 

 that old or sour pulp is a more valuable food than when fresh. 

 It is said to have less woody fibre, and to be richer in alcohol 

 and soluble matter. The fermented and soured pulp must, how- 

 ever, be given cool, and not on any account warm from fermen- 

 tation. 



The contracts regarding fattening cattle were very curious. 

 One system consists in the estate taking in cattle as boarders 

 upon the above food, charging Sff/. (35 kr.) per day, and keeping 

 the manure. The fodder is computed to cost 10(f. (40 kr.), and 

 the difference is charged to the manure. This is tantamount 

 to a confession that cattle feeding must be cari'ied on at a loss, 

 since they are willing to pay for the manure. Another plan 

 is to buy cattle by live weight — say at 16 fl. the centner. At 

 the end of the fatting period, they are sold again at 17 fl. 50 kr. 

 per centner upon their original weight, and the additional weight 

 is allowed for at 18 fl. per centner. The animal in this case is 

 fasted before the final weighing for 12 hours, and 5 per cent, is 

 also deducted from the total live weight. 



Hop cultivation was another feature at Holleschau. In ten 

 years they look for two good crops, four average, and four under 

 average. 



The beauty of the landscape, the good quality of the land, 

 and the excellent cultivation, all assisted to convey a very 

 favourable impression regarding the whole district. 



I was driven to HuUein Station, on the Cracow and Vienna 

 Railway, and travelled, via Prerau and Oderberg, into Austrian 

 Silesia, where I had an introduction to Count Larisch, of Kar- 

 win, near Oderberg. 



AusTEiAN Silesia. 



Northward from Prerau the country still continued fine, but 

 the crops became lighter, and grass-land became more preva- 

 lent. Harvest had scarcely commenced (July 21st). Passing 

 the pretty town of Weisskirchen and the collieries of Ostrau, 

 Ave entered a very fine mountainous country, resembling that 

 between Vienna and Linz. The crops were here less abundant, 

 and the same system of supporting clover upon crossed stakes, 

 as in Austria, was noticed. I was told that when so cocked, and 

 thatched over with a little straight grass, rain can do no injury. 



Karwin is a colliery district, and is likely to become a great 

 centre of industi'y. The estate inspector, Herr Staniek, gave 



