The Austro-Hnngarian Empire. 



385 



and sis days' work, in a village passed through on the estate. 

 The labourers are usually Slavonians, and do not look for the 

 comforts considered necessary by English labourers. They 

 generallv live in the stables of the cattle they tend, and this is 

 very customary over all the countries which I visited. The accom- 

 panying sketch of a labourer's bed and pillow of straw, suspended 



Fig. 7. — Labourer s Bed and Straw-pillow in an Austrian Cow-hyre. 



from the rafters, was taken in a cow-byre upon the Imperial 

 estate at Coding. At Kwassitz, in Moravia, labourers are paid 

 in money, and teamsmen both in money and kind ; Is. ()^d. to 

 \s. T^d. for men, and lOd. to Is. O^d. for women is considered 

 fair, but as much piecework is contrived as is possible. 



At Holleschau, payment is only made in money ; 1^. lO^d. 

 per day is the average wage of a labourer ; Is. 3d. of a woman ; 

 and 1^. 3d. to Is. Sd. of a teamsman. 



At Leihwitz, the property of Baron Kiibeck, in south-west 

 Moravia, wages are usually paid in money. Men are paid 2s. 

 in summer, and Is. 3d. in winter ; and women have Is. 3d. in 

 summer, and 8|</. in winter. Teamsmen are paid 221. to 251. 

 per annum. Upon the Archduke Albrecht's estate of Seelowitz, 

 let on lease to Mr. Julius Roberts, in South Moravia (9000 

 acres), where Fowler's steam plough, 278 horses and 543 oxen 

 are employed, labouring men have from Is. Ohd. to 1^. 2d. per 

 day, and women lOd. to 11^/. When paid partly in kind, a man 

 has in money 5/., and 6f bushels of wheat, 27 bushels of rye, 

 13^ bushels of barley, 4 cord of wood, or ^ a cord of wood and 18 

 cwts. of coal ; 16 bushels of potatoes ; and one-tenth acre of 

 land. At Karwin in Silesia, 2*". to 3^. per day is considered a 

 good Avage for a man, and G(/. to lOd. for a woman. This is in 



VOL. X.— S. S. 2 C 



