Report on the Trials of Implements at Bedford. 689 



Son's waggon, iDut the inclination of the wheel is 1^° in favour 

 of the former. Certainly, if we balance the points, Ball's waggon 

 has an advantage in its favour, but the great differences in the 

 mean draughts could not be ascribed to the above causes, for on 

 the hard road the mean draught per ton of gross load in 

 Milford's waggon was 53 lbs., while in Ball's it was only 26*8, 

 or just about one-half. On the field the difference was not so 

 striking, although it was also considerable, being 18 lbs. in favour 

 of Ball and Son's waggon ; this large difference can only be 

 ascribed to better construction and workmanship in the one case 

 than in the other. 



Not the least point of interest in these trials is a comparison 

 between the draughts of waggons and carts, for by the use of 

 the horse dynamometer the whole conditions of draught in the 

 case of an actual horse are obtained, and then not only is 

 the draught at the shoulders registered, but also the weight 

 on the horse's back. We shall compare pair-horse waggons 

 in Class XX. with single-horse carts in Class XXIII., — the 

 former being loaded with 45 cwt. and the latter with 20 cwt. 

 of roots. 



In the foregoing Table (p. 688) the average mean draught per 

 ton of useful load of the three waggons when travelling along 

 the road is 68" 1 lbs. as compared with 51 '4 lbs. in the carts, the 

 difference in favour of the carts being 16*7 lbs., or 24*5 per 

 cent. On the arable land the waggons have a mean draught 

 per ton of useful load of 295 '2 lbs. as compared with 201 lbs. in 

 the carts, thus showing a still larger difference of 94 '2 lbs., or 

 31 • 9 per cent. If we take the average of these percentages, 

 assuming that the travelling on road and on the fields are equal, 

 we have an actual loss of horse-power in transport, amounting to 

 28 '2 per cent., on a farm where waggons are used instead of 

 carts. 



Section IV. — Waggons. 



Class XX. Pair-Horse Waggons. — In this class there were 

 nine entries on the list, and six of these were presented for trial ; 

 but Hayes and Son's waggon was disqualified, because it should 

 have been entered in Class XXII. 



The waggons were weighed empty, and then loaded with 

 45 cwt. mangolds and drawn over the course as already described. 

 , On the whole this was a good class, with excellent workmanship, 

 and the honours were somewhat closely contested. 



No. 4875. Tlios. Milford and Son, of Thorverton , Cullomjtion, Devonshire. — • 

 The bed framing of the body is of oak, the side bars being 4 in. x 4 in., and 

 middle bars 2i in. x 4 in. The floor is made of 1-inch elm boards, and the 

 VOL. X. — S. S. 2 Y 



