114 Observations on the various Insects 



Aphis RapcB, A. Humili, A. Persicce, A. Fahce, and Schizoneura 

 lanigera. 



It is only when the plant-lice take possession of a plant, breed 

 upon and smother it, that they can affect its life. 



It is by suction they exhaust vegetation. 



Ladi/birds and their larvce, the maggots o( dipterous Jlies, and 

 some small hugs, live upon the plant-lice. 



A fly called Sapromyza ohsoleta supposed to cause the potato- 

 rot, laying its eggs in the young shoots. 



Thrips minutissima accused of causing the potato epidemic. 



They live by suction, and 7iever are in sufficient numbers upon 

 the potato-leaves to affect the tubers. 



A minute ground-flea, Smynthurus Solani, feeds on the pulp 

 of the leaves. 



A Smynthurus in Nova Scotia destroys the very young turnips 

 and cabbages. 



They generate upon old cultivated ground, and damp drives 

 them away. 



Salt or sea-weeds scattered over the ground will expel them. 



A Podura feeds on the pulp of the leaves, and is supposed to 

 poison the sap. 



Plant-bugs believed to cause the potato disease. 



Lygus Solani, L. contaminatus . L. bipunctatus, L. umhella- 

 tarum, Phytocoris pabulinus, and P. viridis, were the accused 

 species. 



Another species appeared 10 years earlier in the United States, 

 where similar opinions were entertained of their poisoning the 

 votatoes. 



Frog-flies, called Eupteryx Solani and E. jncta, breeding on 

 the potato-haulm, and accused of destroying the potato-crops. 



They live by suction, as well as the plant- bugs, from the time 

 they are hatched to their final state. 



Macrocnema exoleta, a leaping beetle, feeds upon and riddles 

 the leaves of the potato and bitter-sweet. 



Caterpillars of the death's-head sphinx feed upon potato-leaves. 



This moth robs bee-hives, and is called also the bee-tiger. 



An Ichneumon fly. Tragus atropos, lives in the caterpillars of 

 the death' s-head moth. 



A mite, Oribates oastaneus, congregates on the dead potato- 

 haulm to feed on fungi. 



M. G^wenVz attributes the. potato -disease io atmospheric changes, 

 and not to insects. 



Surface-grubs, the caterpillars of moths, Agrotis exclamationis 

 and A. segetum, destroy potato as well as turnip crops. 



Maggots of Tipulae. the crane-flies or daddy-longlegs, seriously 

 affect the potato-crops. 



