at the Norwich Meeting, 1849. 547 



soil to fall between the teeth while the stuff is being pushed 

 round the face of the teeth. The leverage for raising the teeth 

 worked easier than any of the others ; so with all these advantages 

 we felt justified in awarding it the prize." 



Drain-tile or pipe -machines (Judges' Report). — ''There was a 

 considerable falling off in the number of these machines this year, 

 only 24 being exhibited, and the principal part of those appear 

 to remain unimproved, or have not advanced in the same propor- 

 tion as Whitehead's, Scragg's, and Clayton's : these three machines 

 are much improved; indeed, so nearly balanced were the two 

 former, that it would have been a difficult task to decide between 

 them, had not Amos's machine for testing hand-power been 

 applied : by this very ingenious instrument it was discovered that 

 Whitehead's machine required much less power to work it than 

 Scragg's did, and the prize was accordingly awarded to him. It 

 is well finished ; the clay-box has a planed, smooth surface, which 

 very materially reduces the friction on the sides, top, and bottom ; 

 the method of closing and fastening the box-lid is also well worthy 

 of remark. Tn this machine there are two racks, by which the 

 great power required to force out the clay is more distributed ; 

 in Scragg's there is only one, and all the strain is on two cogs 

 alone ; the fixing the die-plates is most effective and simple ; 

 the cutting apparatus is very good ; indeed, the machine in all 

 respects is worthy of the prize. Mr. Scragg has made improve- 

 ments in his cutting apparatus and die-plates, which are very 

 creditable to his ingenuity ; and we highly commended his ma- 

 chine, and awarded it a medal. 



'' Mr. Clayton's machine is still on the combined principle of 

 vertical and horizontal. This maker has displayed a vast deal of 

 patience and ability in the endeavour to perfect an erroneous 

 system — not that a horizontal motion will produce pipes of very 

 large bore so perfect as the vertical, but when it is considered 

 how few pipes of this description are required compared with the 

 smaller sorts, it must at once be seen that a machine which re- 

 quires the cylinders at all times to be filled from such an ele- 

 vation, cannot be economical of labour. 



" Franklin's combined plan of pugging, screening, and moulding 

 was shown. The earth was of a description to lest its utmost 

 powers; the work was done in good style, but was not expeditious 

 enough to answer. 



''The following tabular statement gives the result of five minutes' 

 work of the eight machines selected for trial. Every preparation 

 was made beforehand by the respective exhibitors to ensure the 

 largest delivery in their power within the time specified ; any 

 faulty pipes were thrown aside and not counted :" — 



