MAHOGANY AND SOME OF ITS SUBSTITUTES 5 



a golden luster. Lumbayao, "Lumbayao Mahogany," 

 "Philippine Mahogany": Tarrictia javanica (Stercu- 

 liaceae). 

 b* Rays on tangential surface inconspicuous : all less than 

 .05 inch ; not storied except sometimes locally. Vessel 

 segments of irregular length and indistinct, 

 o" Gum present in vessels ; localized often as dark 

 specks on surface of wood. Rays fine but readily 

 visible on tangential section ; sometimes more or less 

 storied locally producing irregular ripple - marks 

 (about 50 per inch). Rows of gum ducts occasion- 

 ally present. Wood variable from light and soft to 

 rather hard and heavy. Color light to dark reddish- 

 brown, sometimes with purplish tinge. "African 

 Mahogany," "Gambia Mahogany" : KJiaya scnega- 

 Iciisis. et al. (Meliaceae). 

 b'^ Xo gum deposits in vessels. Rays extremely fine, 

 barel.v visible on tangential section : not storied. No 

 ripple-marks. Gum ducts not known to occur. Wood 

 light and soft but firm. Color light pinkish- or pur- 

 plish-brown. "Libreville Mahogany," OkumE, 

 Gaboon, Cedar: BosweUia kJaineana (Burserace^e). 

 B Rays not visilile on cross section without lens. 



a Wood parenchyma visible, usually without lens; indistinct to very distinct. 

 Gum ducts not known to occur. 

 a^ Wood parenchyma in numerous closely spaced tangential or concen- 

 tric lines, 

 a- Wood parenchyma of same color as or darker than fibers; in 

 concentric lines, mostly independent of the pores : appearing on 

 longitudinal surface as wavy red lines. Pores readily visible; 

 mostly open. Ripple-marks absent. Growth rings apparently 

 absent. 

 0' Many of the pores subdivided radially; little or no tendency 

 to diagonal grouping ; tyloses absent ; white substance some- 

 times present. Lines of wood parenchyma often as broad as 

 the pores; not conspicuous on any section. Wood rather 

 hard. Color brick-red or maroon. Cancharana, "Bastarp 

 ]\L\hogany": Cabralea spp. (Meliaceae). 

 b^ Few pores subdivided radially : arranged in groups or diag- 

 onal rows; tyloses present: white substance not observed. 

 Lines of wood parenchyma about one-half as wide as the 

 pores ; conspicuous on longitudinal surface as fine zig-zag 

 lines. Wood soft to rather hard. Color brownish-red or 

 purplish. "Borneo Mahogany," Palo ALaria, Poon : Calo- 

 phyllum iiwphyUum ( Guttiferse) ; Santa Maria, Ocuje. 

 "Chijole Mahogany": C. calaba ; Jacariuba : C. Bracilieiise. 

 b^ Wood parenchyma of lighter color than fibers. 



a' Ripple-marks distinct under lens (over 100 per inch). Pores 

 of irregular size and distribution, tending to make wood ring- 



