14 JOIKNAI. Ol" I'OKKSTKV 



brooms and binder twine are being made, the latter product being 

 superior to that obtained from the sisal, in having a longer and a 

 stouter fiber. Manzanita and lilac root swellings are being made into 

 pipe-stock material, the jiroduct equalling the briar importations. At 

 the present time experiments are being carried on in determining 

 whether manzanita will yield a dye such as the Indians formerly used, 

 while the lilacs were used by the same peoples in making a soap. Oaks 

 and mahoganies, though diameters of more than 4 inches are rare, are 

 aiding in the present crisis by furnisliing fuel material to a region 

 where that commodity is lacking and expensive, and they are capable 

 of renew^ing their stands in a few years by coppice. Hoop material 

 for the cement industry is being sought for, due to the present dififi- 

 culty in the transportation of freight, while novelties and souvenirs of 

 many various kinds arc being made from such woods as the lilacs, 

 mahogany, and manzanita. which take a high polish and unique color- 

 ations. It is evident, therefore, that in these little-known forests are 

 many problems awaiting solution — problems of an ecological nature, 

 problems of streamflow and erosion, and problems of an economic 

 nature — which invite the attention of the natural sciences, engineering, 

 and forestry. 



