PERIODICAL LlTERATURK 333 



As remedial action the author suggests the timely utilization of 

 threatened balsam. "The dying trees, like the fire-killed timber, are 

 attacked by the large boring grubs and the timber entirely riddled, at 

 latest by the end of the second season following the death of the trees ; 

 so that i)rompt utilization is necessary if the dying timber is to be saved. 

 There appears to be only one practical method by which we can hope 

 to accomplish anything definite toward checking the spread of the dis- 

 ease, and that is by burning the balsam slash. Slash-burning will not 

 only check the injury in and near the diseased areas, but it will greatly , 

 improve the conditions for the next crop. . . . As a preventive and 

 insurance against insect and fungous troubles, the slash should always 

 be burned." Thirdly, cut out absolutely all the balsam of pole size and 

 over, so as to increase relatively the spruce. 



The Balsam Injury in Quebec and Its Control. Agricultural Gazette of Canada, 

 March, 1919. 



MENSURATION, FINANCE, AND MANAGEMENT 



Huffel describes at length in a rather captious 



Forests of mood the forest conditions of these two provinces 



Alsace-Lorraine and the changes which were made in their con- 



iinder German ditions during the German occupation. The for- 



Ma>iagement est area comprises somewhat over one million 



acres, or 30.3 per cent of the total area and only 



.59 acres per capita, requiring, therefore, wood importation. 



Lorraine is considerably less wooded than Alsace, namely, only 26.4 

 per cent of the forest area of the two provinces, three-quarters of the 

 Alsatian Mountains, being covered with the celebrated fir forest. Prac- 

 tically the extent of forest area has remained the same under German 

 rule, the few thousand acres cleared for special purposes being com- 

 pensated by waste-land planting and, as far as State forest is concerned, 

 by purchases. 



The forest is very varied in composition and conditions. In the 

 valleys, broadleaf trees, oak, beech, elm, poplar, etc., and Scotch pine 

 (natural growth) ; in the mountains, silver fir, with beech, Scotch pine, 

 ash, and in very limited areas Norway spruce. The Scotch pine here 

 becomes a mountain species and finds its southwest limit. Two-thirds 

 of the forest is deciduous. The State forests are richer in oak, while 

 the communal forest is richer in fir. In Alsace, communal forest ; in 

 Lorraine, State forest predominates. Altogether. 45 per cent (in one 

 section 67 per cent) is municipal forest and 20 per cent private, leaving 

 over 30 per cent to the State ; the details of distribution of ownership 



