4:4:2 JOURNAL OF FORESTRY 



the case of hardwoods; and Pinus niaritiiiia (var. corte) in mixture 

 with P. sylvestris, Pseudotsitga douglasii (P. taxifolia, variety not men- 

 tioned), Picea menziesii, and Cedrus deodara (for single trees) in the 

 case of conifers, are to be particularly recommended. These conclu- 

 sions are based on the assumption that it is desired to obtain the max- 

 imum amount of woody material in the shortest time and to increase 

 rapidly the value of the poor silicious soils in the region concerned. 

 These soils, which are very dry in summer and wet in places in 

 winter, present most unfavorable conditions for agriculture. 



The English and pedunculate oaks were found to be unsuitable be- 

 cause of their very light foliage during the first years and their liability 

 to injury from fungi. Q. phellos made the best growth of the oaks, 

 reaching a diameter of 12 centimeters at one meter from the ground, 

 a merchantable length of two meters, and a total height of five meters. 

 On the basis of 5,000 plants per acre, it produced about 12 cubic 

 meters per hectare in 10 years. 



Betula alba, B. populifolia, and B. papyracea (papyrifera) all grew 

 well, but were surpassed by B. nigra, which reached a diameter of 24 

 centimeters and showed a production of 50 cubic meters per hectare 

 in 10 years. Approximately the same production was attained by 

 Alnns cordifolia. 



Of the poplars. Popiihis nigra Cvar. angnlata robusta) did the 

 best, while P. balsamifera was also considered worthy of note, pro- 

 ducing a large dense crown and having the power of reproducing 

 by layers. Elm, maple, basswood, ash, hornbeam, chestnut, hickory, 

 and walnut all did poorly. 



Among the conifers maritime pine is regarded as the most satisfac- 

 tory species, several specimens obtaining a diameter of 24 centimeters, 

 a height of 5 meters, and a production of 50 cubic meters per hectare 

 in 10 years. The author believes that this species has suffered vm- 

 justly in popular esteem because of the severe frosts of the winter of 

 1879-80, which killed a number of stands of maritime pine in Central 

 France. He points out that temperatures as low as those of that winter 

 are very rare, and that maritime pine has proved able to resist a tem- 

 perature of — 16 degrees. If one does not care to plant it in pure stands, 

 he recommends it heartily in mixture with other species, and points 

 out that its growth during the first 10 years is extremely rapid. 

 P. syhestris (var. riga and var. scotica) has done well, but is much 

 slower growing than the maritime pine. Curiously enough jack pine, 

 while exhibiting about the same rate of growth as the Scotch pine, is 



