INSTRUCTION IN RANGE MANAGEMENT 527 



industry ; for the further development and stabiHzation of the industry 

 is absolutely dependent upon an adequate and permanent supply of 

 choice forage. Recognition of the identity of range species, their in- 

 ternal or external morpholog\% the laws that control the functions of 

 growth and reproduction, and the ecological requirements of the dif- 

 ferent forage types is sure to affect the future production of pasture 

 lands. Any plan of range management which aims to improve the 

 carrying capacity of pastures must be based upon the fundamentals of 

 botanical science. 



Following the general instruction in zoology, a special course should 

 be given in the history of the development of domestic live stock. Such 

 a course should aim also to cover in detail the history of development, 

 relationships, distribution, and life history of the more common preda- 

 tory and game animals. 



The general grounding in entomology should be followed by a special 

 course in applied entomolog}^ and should consider the identity and life 

 history of the genera and species of insects that are commonly detri- 

 mental to forage and beef production. Special consideration should 

 be given to such troublesome insects, for instance, as the hot fly and to 

 ticks that prey on stock. 



Following the general course in chemistry, which should include 

 qualitative and quantitative analytical and organic work, a special 

 course should be given in the determination of the chemical constitu- 

 ents of feeds and forage crops. While it should not be the aim to have 

 the student become a full-fledged chemist, a course covering, let us say, 

 one credit unit through a semester would sufifice to familiarize the em- 

 bryo range expert with the methods employed in making analyses of 

 feeds and the preparation of forage samples for analysis. 



The course in animal husbandry — genetics and veterinary science — 

 should aim to oft'er special work in the application of principles to im- 

 prove live-stock production. In animal husbandry, for instance, con- 

 sideration should be given to the relative merits of the different breeds 

 of live stock as related to climate, the temperament of different breeds 

 of stock as affecting their relative adaptability on the range, mainte- 

 nance ration requirements of animals, and the suitability of different 

 kinds of concentrate feeds in the different localities, etc. The applied 

 work in genetics should consider especially the question of breeding as 

 related to the creation of improved strains of live stock, such, for in- 

 stance, as cross-breeding in the development of the mutton type of 

 sheep, the wool type, and the combined mutton and wool type. Like- 

 wise the study of veterinary science should include a consideration of 



