PERIODICAL LITERATURE 725 



land and the cost of local management. Accounts would be kept of 

 the annual contributions made by each party, and on the basis of 

 these, reckoned up at compound interest, the annual receipts would be 

 divided." 



The other method is assistance by grants, in which grants up to £2 

 and £4 per acre would be made on planting conifers and hardwoods 

 respectively. An alternative suggestion is a loan equal to the amount 

 granted or relief from public burdens to the same amount. The latter 

 course is not much favored by the committee, who state "as it is the 

 less valuable, and consequently lowest burdened, lands which we hope 

 to bring under timber, we are inclined to think that land-owners would 

 make a bad bargain if they elected to have their rates and Schedule A 

 income tax recouped, even for a period of two years, rather than get 

 an initial grant of £2 an acre." 



The advantages and disadvantages of both methods are analyzed and 

 no satisfaction found. 



Nothing will be done until parliamentary legislation is enacted. 



Quarterly Journal of Forestry, April, 1919, pp. 97-100, 101-124. 



The need of increased forest production led one 

 Pasture and of the local foresters' societies (Canton \^aud) to 

 Forest in provoke a discussion on the possibilities of in- 



Stintserland creased utilization. From statistics, it appears 



that in the Jura Mountains over 10,000 acres de- 

 crease in pastures has taken place in a period of 20 years, or 20 per cent 

 of the land surface, partly due to the legislation of 1893, establishing 

 protective forests. The forest has gained by so much, partly by being 

 allowed to encroach, which it does readily, and in smaller part by 

 planting. 



The question as to whether it is desirable to keep forest and pasture 

 strictly separate or else to combine the two is discussed at length by 

 various authorities, quoted or present. The weight of opinion is on 

 the side of separation, both from the point of view of the pasture and 

 of the forests. The pasture loves full sunlight ; shade is damaging it 

 by etiolation, and in consequence reduced assimilation, while full sun- 

 light produces a short, but rich, savory, and nutritious pasture. 



x\ll agree on the need of proper location of pasture and forest, so as 



to secure the protective function of the latter, especially from drying 



winds ; for the rest it should occupy the steeper slopes and rocky sites. 



Only one contributor holds to the old order of pasture woods for the 



high Jura at elevations of 1,000 to 1,600 meters, where the rough cli- 



