REVIEWS 995 



oil; also of some device for regulating the heating process. He sug- 

 gests the establishment of small local depots in the various producing 

 centers to assist in handling the crop. Merchants interested in the 

 trade should seek to standardize their product and take the necessary 

 steps to prevent adulteration. S. J. R. 



Tight and Slack Cooperage Stock Production in ipiS. By F. H. 

 Smith and A. H. Pierson. Forest Service. 15 pp. 



The interest in this publication lies in the fact that since 1909 and 

 especially 1911 the output, both of tight and slack cooperage, has de- 

 clined considerably, the decline of different items amounting to be- 

 tween 20 and 57 per cent. The prohibition movement probably ac- 

 counts for the decline in tight cooperage, and substitution of other 

 containers in that of slack cooperage. Arkansas is by far the greatest 

 producer of cooperage, due probably to its oak reserves, oak furnishing 

 67 per cent of tight staves and about the same percentage of slack 

 staves. 



Report of Dr. J. B. Campbell Upon the Results of His Visit to 

 Europe Investigating the Conditions in the Paper and Pulp Industry. 

 May 14, 1919. 13 pages. 



This report is addressed to the Gentlemen of the Wrapping Paper 

 Manufacturers' Service Bureau, but contains much information of 

 general interest. It covers the paper situation in England and France, 

 but the part of special interest to foresters is that dealing with Scandi- 

 navia. Of Sweden he says the export of wood fiber amounts in value 

 to 12 per cent of the total export trade of the country. The increase 

 in production of sulphite pulp has gone from 150,000 tons per year 

 in 1900 to 675,000 tons in 1912. Mechanical pulp increased from 

 110,000 tons to 340,000 tons, and sulphate pulp from 40,000 tons to 

 140,000 tons in the same period. The exports of chemically produced 

 pulp have increased from 125,000 tons to over 600,000 tons in this 

 period. 



Every sulphite mill which owns timber limits, as well as the Govern- 

 ment and private owners of forest lands, have* established a most 

 important branch of their several activities, known as their Forestry 

 Department. These mills have expert and technically educated for- 

 esters. There is no arbitrary rule that all trees of a certain diameter 

 shall be cut. Each tree which is cut is bored with a special tool, and 



