1915^ Proceedings N. C. Academy of Science 9 



or an anthocyanic substance, rather than an end-product of plant 

 metabolism. An effort to elucidate its constitution is being made by 

 the N. C. Experiment Station. 



FLY-PARASITES AS A FACTOR IN CONTROLLING ARMY- 

 WORM IN NORTH CAROLINA IN 1914 



p. SHERMAN 



The Army-worm (Heliophila unipuncta) was destructive in many 

 localities in North Carolina in 1914, attacking millet, grasses and 

 grains. Tachina-flies were abundant and laid eggs on the worms. 



A lot of 534 army-worms was separated into groups according to 

 number of eggs per worm, and rearings made. Worms without visible 

 eggs matured less than 10 per cent of moths. Of worms with fly-eggs 

 less than 1 per cent matured moths. 



Highest development of flies was 'from worms with 3 parasitic eggs 

 each (32.81 per cent), the rate consistently declining both below and 

 above that point. 



On all worms collected, the average was 2.44 fly-eggs per worm, 

 close to the desired optimum. Outbreaks were of short duration and 

 there was no widespread damage by any later broods. 



A more detailed article covering this work will be found in Journal 

 of Economic Entomology for April, 1915. 



ON THE MYTH OF THE SHIP-HOLDER, THE ECHENEIS 

 OR REMORA 



E. W. GUDGER 



A brief account was given of some of the data relating to this 

 myth, which began about the time of Pliny the Elder and persisted 

 until about 1660. The true explanation was given by Ekman in 1904 

 in his work on "dead water." 



Material and data are being collected for a series of papers giving 

 accounts of and explaining the myth, describing the use of the Remora 

 as a living fish hook, and lastly giving as fully as possible the natural 

 history of the fish — the matter of chief interest being the origin of the 

 sucking disk. 



THE SEXUALITY OF THE FILAMENT OF SPIROGYRA 



BERT CUNNINGHAM 



The general opinion as shown by Wood (1872), Wolle (1887), 

 DeToni, Klebs (1896), Vines, Bennett and Murry, and Mottier (1904), 

 is that the filaments contain cells of one sex. West (1904), basing his 

 assertion upon Hassall (1845), states that cross conjugation is exceed- 

 ingly rare in Conjugales. 



