1915] Our Mountain Shrubs 93 



chaiix, Mark Catesby and John Fraser traveled extensively in 

 the United States and sent to England and France seeds and 

 living plants of a great many of our trees and shrubs. Mi- 

 chaux had a propagation garden at Ten Mile Station, near 

 Charleston. He would assemble his plants there and at inter- 

 vals would pack them carefully and send them to France. The 

 two Michaux, father and son, did more than any others to 

 open up the immense wealth of American trees and shrubs. 

 They sent many beautiful things to Europe, where they were 

 highly appreciated and became established immediately as 

 among the most cherished treasures of their gardens and 

 parks. It was one of the most exciting times in the botanical 

 history of Europe when these pioneers were discovering the 

 things that so many of us pass by without a glance, and send- 

 ing them home as rare and wonderful things. 



The flora of North Carolina is extremely rich. We have 

 a vague notion that we are rich in ]S[orth Carolina, but as to 

 details of any kind we generally fail to specify when ques- 

 tions are asked. I am now going to give you a few facts, or 

 as nearly facts as I can make them, in regard to the tree and 

 shrub flora of l^orth Carolina. 



We have in jSTorth Carolina 182 species of trees native to 

 the state; that is, 182 kinds which were found here by the 

 first discoverers of I^orth Carolina, the Indians. In addition 

 to these there are 10 others which are established but exotic 

 to North Carolina (this does not include apple and peach, 

 which are occasionally spontaneous near residences).^ This 

 gives us a total of 192 trees for the state. 



Now I shall have to explain this just a little. You all 

 know the hawthorns, or red haws, one of which is the prin- 

 cipal hedge plant of England, the thorn or quick so often 

 mentioned in English literature. Now the species of haw- 

 thorn are in a remarkably unstable state, so much variation 

 occurring in all directions that it is impossible to distinguish 

 clearly many of the species or to tell certainly how many 



=* These introduced species are: Ailantlius glandulosa, Albizzia julibrissin, 

 Gleditschia triacantha, Morus alba. Paulownia tomentosa. I'nimis avium, 

 Prunus cerasus. Prunus angustifolia (P. ehicasa), Salix alba, Salix babylonica. 



