94 JOUKNAL OF THE MlTCHELL SOCIETY \_NoV. 



there are. There are not any two botanists in the whole 

 country who will agree on how many hawthorn species there 

 are in ISTorth Carolina. Mr. Beadle, of Biltmore, in his treat- 

 ment of the genus in Small's Flora, credits 36 species to this 

 state, but if the whole state were carefully explored it is 

 almost certain that a good many other species of equal value 

 to certain of these could be added to this number. In fact 

 Ayres and Ashe in their list of Appalachian shrubs and trees 

 give 16 arborescent and 30 shrubby species of Crataegus, 

 making 46 species for these mountains alone. This will give 

 you some idea of how botanists disagree as to where to draw 

 the species lines in this genus. 



In saying that we have 192 species of trees, I am simply 

 taking one man's idea of the number of hawthorns of tree 

 size (above shrub size) that occur in this state. The opinion 

 that I have followed is that of Dr. Britton, of the New York 

 Botanical Garden, author of a valuable work on the trees of 

 North America. According to Dr. Britton we have in this 

 state 13 hawthorns that are about shrub size. That is prob- 

 ably not the number that would be given by any other botan- 

 ist, but I take this number in making up my total. 



In regard to the shrubs, we have 227 native and natural- 

 ized species, not counting the hawthorns, but this is count- 

 ing 24 species that are also included under trees. I will sup- 

 pose arbitrarily that we have 20 species of hawthorns of 

 shrub size. These with the 13 that we have called trees make 

 less than Mr. Beadle's number, and less than Ayres and 

 Ashe's number for the mountains alone, but I will err on the 

 safe side. This will give us 247 shrubs. To this number add 

 192 trees and we have 439. Deduct 24 species counted twice 

 and we have 415 trees and shrubs not counting the vines. As 

 there are 42 vines in North Carolina this will bring the total 

 number of \voody plants to 457. It is a remarkable fact that, 

 so far as I know, there is only one of our shrubs growing wild 

 in North Carolina that is not native, whereas there are 

 ten trees that are not native. We have more shrubs than trees 

 and yet there is only one that is naturalized from beyond 



