lo Feb., 1911.] OrcJiard and Garden Notes. 107 



January ; these probably telong to the second brood, and, if such, it is 

 jemarkably early, as previous rcxrords show the second brood to be operative 

 about the middle of January. The fallen apples should all be collected 

 and boiled, and all crevices and hiding jjlaces .searched for larvae. 



The season has been favourable for the development of Brvobia mite 

 and Woolly Aphis ; and, as .soon as the fruit has been picked from the 

 trees attacked by these insects, a good spraying of strong tobacco water 

 should be given. This will minimize to a great extent the winter work. 



Fumigation. 



Evergreen trees, including those of the citrus family that are infested 

 with scale, should now be .sprayed or fumigated to rid the trees of this pest. 

 For spraying, a weak red oil emulsion, lime, sulphur, and salt spray, or 

 resin wash will be found useful for the purpose. The most successful 

 method, however, of dealing with the scale pest is by fumigation. The 

 trees should be closely enveloped in an air-tight sheet or tent, and hydro- 

 cyanic gas should be generated inside. The chemicals for generating the 

 gas, as well as the fumes of the gas itself, are excessively dangerous, and 

 _great care should be exerci.sed in their manipulation. A wooden, enamel, 

 or earthenware vessel is placed inside the tent, the vessel containing a 

 mixture of 4 fluid ounces of sulphuric acid and 12 fluid ounces of water, 

 the acid being placed in the vessel first. Four ounces of cyanide of 

 potassium should then be quickly dropped into the vessel and the tent 

 •closed down at once ; the l)ottom of the tent all around .should be covered 

 with .soil to prevent any of the gas escaping. The operator must take care 

 that not the slightest portion of the fumes is breathed. Fumigation 

 should be carried out at night-time or on a cloudy day, and the foliage 

 of the trees must be thoroughly dry. 



General Work. 



Citrus, persimmon, loquat. and guava trees will be benefited by a g(X>d 

 watering at this time of the year. 



Budding should be continued and tlit- buds left dormant until the 

 spring-time; to allow the buds to push their way out and make a weak 

 autumn growth does not generally result in strong vigorous trees. 



The soil surface should be still kept very loose, and frequent cultivation 

 will greatly lu-ncfit the trees. 



I'Vuit picking and |)acking will now Ik- the principal work in the 

 orchard; extra care shfjuld Ik:- ob.served in ])acking, particularly if the fruit 

 is to be exported. 'i'he fruit shouM not be bruised or crushed, as eith.^r 

 ttindition will cause raj)id decay ; it should not be packed moist as this 

 also produces decomposition. Another point to Ix' studied is the grading 

 of fruit; for export, fruit must be grade<l. (iraded fruit for the local 

 market alw.ivs brings more satisf.irtory prices. 



New I'rmits. 



Several new ;q)])les are attracting the atteiitii>n of I'.nglish fruit growers 

 at the |)rpsent time. 



" Crimson Bramlev '' is a seedling from the well known Hramlov'i 

 Seedling. The fruit is medium si/e. of g(H)d llavoui, .ind the .surface 

 develops a brilliant crim.son. 



" St. Everard '" is a new dessert apple which received a first class 

 'Certificate' from th- Koval Horticulturid So<ittv, an<l is the result of a 



