>zo Aug.; 19 h-] 



Leaf Scald or Fruit Spot. 



5^3 



•enlarge to about one-tenth of an inch in diameter, when the black fructi- 

 fications are scattered over them. They may run together and form 

 extensive blotches like a brown scab ; and, in bad cases, the flesh may 

 become cracked, just as in the Pear Scab. The fruit also falls 

 prematurely like the leaves ; and, although apparently sound and firm, it 

 soon rots, usually beginning at the stalk end. The grower observed that, 

 on removing the skin, the fruit was not materially injured for use, but 

 the fungus may distort and crack the fruit when severely attacked and 

 render it so unsightly that it does not sell, in addition to rotting quickly. 



The disease may 

 also appear on the 

 tips of the young 

 branches ; and, by 

 this means, it is con- 

 tinued through the 

 winter, even al- 

 though the disea.sed 

 leaves and fruit are 

 removed. 



Seedling pears in 

 the nursery suffer 

 seriously from this 

 disease. The 

 \'Oungest leaves are 

 first attacked and 

 fall early, and the 

 young wood is 

 hardened prema- 



turely, so that bud- 

 liing is either pre- 

 vented or rendered 

 difficult. 



The spores ha\e a 

 very characteristic 

 shape and are some- 

 what beetle-like in 

 ap])earance, on ac- 

 count of the project- 

 ing bristles. 



Treatment. 

 It is evident th;a all 

 dead diseased leaves 



should be collected and burned or at lea>t buried drt-ply. as well as 

 (Iccaving fruit, in order to prevent the spores infecting the tree next season. 

 Spores placed in a drop of moisture on a young living leaf have [produced 

 the minute red spots in about five days ; and, in about three weeks, tl.e 

 .spores were again reproduced, when the weather was dull and moist. Any 

 shoots showing the disease should also be removed. 



Spraying with Borrleaux mixture is also a preventive. Kipe.iteil trials 

 in the United States have pro\e(l conclusively th;it tiiis mixture is tlioroughly 

 effective, at the same time increasing the size and quality of the fruit. The 

 first application should be made just as for Hlack .Spot, \\lien tlie blossom- 

 buds have opened and ;igain in al)out ;i fortnight. 



I'EAR TREK AIFECTED WITH I.EAl" SCALD. 



