lo Oct.. 1911.] The K onitucJaturc of Friiif. 667 



these anomalies should never have been perpetuated ; they would not have 

 been perpetuated had a permanent nomenclature committee been in existence 

 in each country. 



In .some of the instances mentioned above, it will frequently be impos- 

 sible for purchasers to obtain, and certainly impossible to define, the 

 variety they desire. Thus, the loss to the grower, who w-aits years for his 

 trees to fruit, and then finds that he has a varietv not wanted, and so either 

 has to grow an unsuitable fruit or replace his land, is incalculable. 



Long Names. 

 Still another fault is the great length of names sometimes given to 

 fruits. Frequently it may be taken, although not always, that a big name 

 is synonymous with inferiority. And so we have Borsdorffer Strie de 

 Boheme apple; King of Tomkin's County Pippin apple; Twenty-fifth 

 Anniversarie de Leopold L pear; Citron-berne Bomi.sche gros.se punitirte 

 pear ; Grosse Weiss und Rothgestriefte Johannesbeere currant : ^^irabelle 

 von Flotow's gelbe fruhbe quetsche plum; &c. 



Synonyms. 



There has thus crept into commercial life such a cumulation of names 

 that it is a wonder that j)eople know which fruit to order. Some 

 of our popular and well known varieties of fruits carry a great number 

 and diversity of names. For example, in apples, the old Buckingham is 

 known under 24 names ; Fallawater, an American favourite, owns 18 names. 

 Ortley admits no less than 27, while Xickajack is the pos.sessor of 38. In 

 pears, the same multiplication exists, thus Beurre Diel has 24 names ; 

 Flemish Beauty 29 ; Uvedale"s St. Germain 36 ; (and this must not be con- 

 founded with the variety St. Germains, which is a different pear, anrl has 

 it.self 14 names). The list is topped by White Doyenne, or Doyenne Blanc, 

 which answers to no less than 39 synonyms. 



The Remedy. 



The remedy will only be achieved bv unanimity of action lietween 

 officials, fruit-growers, and nurserymen. The adoption of a standard list 

 is the first necessity, and for the older varieties we have such authorities as 

 Hogg. Downing, and Thomas ; later we have Wickson. and the reports of 

 the Roval Horticultural Society of England. But none of these authori- 

 ties deal directly with Australian fruits. 



Co-operative action, in the direction of a Pomological Committee, is the 

 only remedy ; and nurserymen should agree to .sell no variety, fruit-growers 

 to grow no variety, and officials to recognize no variety, that has not re- 

 ceived the acceptance of such an a.s.sociation. 



The Pomological Association of America has .seven rules only, and these 

 are subjoined to show the mode of action, which is reputed to be eminently 

 satisfactory. 



RCI.es AncH'TKI) IIV THK AmKKICAN I'OMOI.OGICAT. AsSOCIATIo.V for N'AMINr. AMI 



DKscKiniNG Frciis. 



1. The orij.;inator or inlrodiuer (in tlie orilcr nanieii) lias the prior ri-jht lo 

 bestow a n.ime upon a new or unnameil fruit. 



2. The society reserves the ri<,'ht. in c.ise of long, inapproi)riate, or otherwise 

 objetlionahle names, to shorten, modify, or wholly (.han;{e the snme when the.y 

 shall occur in its discussions or reports ; and also to recommend such chan^jes for 

 general adojition. 



