668 Journal of Agrjciiliure, Victoria. [lo Oct., ipii. 



3. The name of a fruit should i)referably express, as far as jjracticable by a 

 single word, a characteristic of the variety, the name of the originator, or the place- 

 of its origin. Under no orilinarv circumstances should more than a single word be 

 em])loyed. 



4. Should the ijuestion of ])riorilv arise between diflerent names for the same 

 variety of fruit, other circumstances being ecjual, the name first publicly bestowed 

 will be given precedence. 



5. To entitle a new fruit to the award or commendation of the society, it must 

 ]>ossess lat least for the locality for which it is recommended) some valuable or 

 desirable quality or combination of (jualities in a higher degree than any ])reviously 

 known variety of its class and season. 



6. A variety of fruit having been once exhibiteil, examined, and re])orted upon,, 

 as a new fruit, by a committee of the society, will n t there:\fter be recognized as. 

 such so far as subseiiuent reports are concerned. 



A rule governing the revision of name.s was authori.ze(l bv the Associa- 

 tion at its meeting in Washington in vSeptember, 1891. as follows : — 



Prefixes, suffixes, apostro])hic terminations, and secondary words, together with 

 words whose significations are expressed in the descriptive columns of the catalogue, 

 are eliminated from "the names of fruits, save in a few cases in which thev ma)' be 

 needful to insure the identity of a variety and in a few timedionnured names. 



The anglicizing of foreign names is resorted to only in t'ne interest of brevity or 

 ])ionouncability. 



In questionable cases, subsi(li;uy words are retain.eil in ])arentheses. 



ORCHARD AND GARDEN NOTES. 



E. E. Pcscoff, Principal. H<>riiciiltiiral ScJiool, Burnley. 



The Orchard. 



Cultivation. 



The necessity of getting a good start is just as important in the 

 orchard as in any other work. The experience of other years has shown 

 that in springtime the ground hardens very quickly, especially in warm 

 or windy weather ; and so early ploughing is always a necessity. Even: 

 if rain follows the spring ploughing, it will be easy to cultivate after- 

 wards. Although a mild summer has been predicted, this is no reasort 

 why ploughing should be delayed. Not only do the weeds need suppres- 

 sing, but the roots of the trees need air. and the .soil requires to be 

 sweetened by the ploughing. 



'I'hat the sea.son is an early one is indicated by the early blossoining" 

 of all kinds of fruit trees. The earliest pear tree in full bloom in the 

 Burnley Orchards was a variety known as " Chinese,"' and this was in 

 full Ijloom on the third week of August, while last sea.son it did not reach 

 full bloom until 12th September. Another variety, which was in full 

 l.'loom on 20th September of last vear, was in the same stage on 8th 

 September of this year. 



The.se indications point to an early .season ; and it will be well to have 

 both ploughing and cultivation completed' early, in ca.se the predictions 

 of a mild season should not be realized. Ploughing and har- 

 rowing should be thorough; and all weeds and herbage should be well 

 covered, and the surface tilth as loose and clean as possible. 



All cover crops intended for green manure should be ploughed in now. 

 These may need breaking down with a disc, a roller, or with a chain on 

 the plough before covering. 



