698 Journal of Agriculture, Victoria. [to Oct.. lyii- 



cost about ;^40 for one of 60 tons capacity. Plenty of green fodder, 

 consisting of maize and millets for summer feed, and barley, rye an(f 

 oats for winter feed will be found the safest; clovers and lucerne will 

 do well for permanent pasture, with rye grass, cocksfoot and others for a 

 change. 



Good clean water for stock is essential and some shelter trees will save 

 feed and add to the profits. 



Jersey, Ayrshire, Shorthorn and crossbred cattle of good milking 

 strains can be bought in Victoria ; and, in pigs, Berkshires. Yorkshires, andi 

 Tamworths of good strains are obtainable. To the man who will work 

 and use forethought and common sense there is a fine prospect of success. 



Wheat Farming on Shares. 



The terms of wheat farming on shares vary according to the conditions- 

 under which it is conducted. 



In .some cases, the owner of the land supplies horses and implements- 

 as well as the land, cleared and fenced, and meets half the cost of manure,. 

 seed, and bags, the tenant finding the other half and providing labour. In 

 such ca.ses the land-owner reserves the right to graze off the crops, and 

 to use the fallow land when no crops are being grown. The crop is- 

 equally divided when harvested. These are somewhat unusually good 

 terms, but can be obtained in some cases. A more common agreement is- 

 for the tenant or share-farmer to find horses, harness, and implements, 

 half the cost of manure, seed and bags, and the labour, the land-owner 

 providing the land, fenced and cleared, and half the manure, seed, and 

 bags. Each takes half the crop as his reward in the enterprise. Another 

 system, in more remote places, is for the land-owner to provide the land'l 

 only, and the share-farmer to find labour, horses, machinery, manure,, 

 seed, and bags, the land-owner receiving one bag per acre ; the share- 

 farmer takes the balance. 



The cost of a team of six horses will be. at ^35 per head, ^210; a 

 harvester will cost ^80; harrows, ^6 15s.; binder. ^38; 4-furrow 

 plough, from jQt,S to ;^45, according to kind; drill, from ^25 to^ 

 ^45 ; a waggon capable of c&rrying 5 tons, from ^45 to ^60 ; harness- 

 for si.\ horses. ^40. 



The machinery can I)e purchased secondhand in many ca.ses at about 

 half the values given ; but. unless the buyer understands machinery well, 

 it is safer to buy new implements, for which good terms are given by the- 

 vendors. Care should be also exercised in choosing implements suited to* 

 the different districts and conditions under which the farming operations- 

 are conducted; for instance, set ploughs are not used in Mallee- 

 country, but only stump-jump implements until the land is cleared of 

 .stumps, a period covering eight to ten years. Disc ploughs are much in- 

 fa\our with many farmers in the Xorthern areas, owing to the fact that 

 they will plough land when mouldboard pjoughs cannot enter the .soil. 



General Advice. 



The conditions go\erning farming pursuits are .so entirelv different in- 

 Victoria to those in Great Britain that a few words of advice as to the- 

 main points may be of use. In the first place, the climate of Victoria 

 in the chief wtieat areas is warm and dry as compared with the Old Coun- 

 try ; the bulk of the wheat is produced with a rainfall of from 9 to 26' 



