lo Nov., 191 1.] To Start Fanning. 735 



Pigs: — Start with four stores. Buv big-framed and well-developed 

 animals. Condition need not be considered. 



Poultry : — Twelve pullets and a second season male bird. Buy stork 

 that show breeding and are derived from egg-la\ ing strains. 



Sheep: — If the .season is at all good, grass should be plentiful. Add':- 

 tional cows would entail more labour. This would be avoided bv stocking 

 with sheep. Buy, say, twenty stores. 



Note. — The running of sheep and cows together on the same hmd has seriou.s 

 disadvantages. — It is not recommended permanently. It is suggested in this cas^ 

 only because it ajipears to be the best way of turning surplus grass into money -it 

 a time when both labour and money are scarce. 



Cultivation. 



Putting in the Crop : — The first step in cultivation should be to plough 

 a piece of land and sow oats for hay. Set aside a small area, say, lo 

 acres, and, in early autumn, sow with barley (Cape or Skinless) to provide 

 green fodder. In spring, get in maize (Yellow Moruya or Hickory King) 

 and amber cane (Early Amber Cane or Planter's Friend). 



Next prepare the land for lucerne. Work it thoroughly so as to leave 

 a seed bed of fine tilth. The seed may be sown in autumn (April and 

 May) and spring (October). Sow 8 lbs. of seed and 56 lbs. of super- 

 phosphate per acre. Cover the seed not more than i inch deep. When 

 the young plants are about i^ inches alx)ve ground, harrow the surface 

 two or three times to keep it loose. 



After the Crop is in: — When the crops are sown, attend to fencing. 

 Subdivide as sooo as possible, but without incurring any heavy outlay. 



When the settler has got thus far, he may start a small orchard, plant 

 ing only such fruits as command a ready market at all times, e.g., good 

 export apples; apricots and figs for drying; oranges and lemons; raisins 

 (Sultanas and Gordo Blancos) and Zante currants. 



Good shade and ornamental trees also should be planted, such as 

 Sugar Gums. Pepper Trees, Olives, Almonds, and Tagasaste. 



Expenditure. 

 The following is an estimate of the expenditure inxolved in the above 

 suggestions : — 



/ m -prove mcjiis — 



tencing: Boundary, (jo chains, at ^^o per mile 



Subdivision and yards, 30 chains, at 



/.30 per mile 



Uiitbuitdings : Temporary shed, with bush posis 



and straw coveiing, /. 5 ; milking shed, ^'10 ... 



Im-plcments, Plant, ^^c. — 



.-IS per list 

 Live Slock — 



Ilorses: i heavy drauglu, £^0; i medium do., ,^30 



Cows : 6 cows, at £~, £i\2 ; j. heifers, at /,'4, /,'8 ... 



Pig';: 4 stores, at i6s. 



l'oitti'\: 12 jHillets and i second season male hird 



.j/icep: 20 stores, at 8s. 



Total ... ... ... ... .2S0 I 



Ther<' is oilier fxpciidiiurc ili.ii must not Ic (i\i'rlo(,kt(l. e.g. 



Irrigation water cliarge, at 5s. per acre foot, s.iv i ^ n 



Shire rates ... ... ... ... 1 10 



1'. anient of \earl\- instalment on land 



