760 



JourJial of Agriculture, Victoria. [10 Nov., 191 1. 



After the scion is properly fixed start binding below the union where 

 marked thus x. Work upwards, and see that the union is well covered; 

 firmly bind and finish off as shown in Fig 38 d. The scions may be small, 

 but not larger than the stock to be operated upon, Cut the scions, if 

 possible, so as to leave a bud near the bottom (Fig. 38 b, c), and alsO' 

 a bud near the top of the stock (Fig. 38 a). Such buds attract the rising 

 sap and greatly facilitate union taking place. 



Ground Grafting Large Stocks. 

 When whip-tongue grafting large stocks in the nursery rows, one side 

 of the stock opposite to that upon which the scion is placed should be 

 cut away. Make this cut the same as that for placing the scion upon, but 

 not so far down the stock (Fig. 39 a). 



The advantage of treating such stocks in this manner is that the growth 

 of the scion will cover over the face of the cut upon the stock during the 



first season, whilst the expan- 

 sion from the cambium at the 

 side cut will callus over, mak- 

 ing a neat and perfect union. 



Bark Grafting Methods. 

 Another way of treating large 

 stocks is to bark graft them. 

 This operation may be per- 

 formed in two ways. 



The first method is to cut the 

 stock close to the ground and 

 straight across, using a small 

 saw (Fig. 40 a). Then pare 

 the cut neatly, and press the 

 blade of the knife through the 

 bark to the cambium, making a 

 vertical incision about i in. in 

 length. 



Prepare the scion the same as 

 in whip-tongue method ; then 

 make a straight inward cut at 

 the upper end of the sloping cut 

 upon the scion and three-quar- 

 ters of the way through. Now 

 pare down, making a smooth 

 level surface and thus forming a heel (Fig. 40 b). Gently raise the bark 

 upon each side and ,at the upper end of the incision made in the stock, 

 and insert the lower end of the prepared scion. Gently force the latter 

 between the bark and wood until the heel upon the scion is resting upon 

 the level top of the stock when it will be in position and ready for 

 binding (Fig. 40 c). Bind firmly and well. The advantage of cutting 

 the scion with a heel is that the expansion of the scion across the top of 

 the stock is quicker than when cut without. 



When bark grafting, do not select large scions ; if so, the part to be 

 inserted will have to be pared well down, so as to bring the cambium upon 

 the scion in direct contact with that of the stock. In whip-tongue grafting, 

 the scion rests upon a level surface and the cambium upon the one outer 

 edge of stock and scion, being in direct contact, if placed correctly 



39. ground grafting large stocks. 



a. Stock ready for sc-ioii. b. Scion in position and 

 ready for l)in(lin'4. 



