152 



Journal of Agriculture, Victoria. [11 ^Iarch, 101.^. 



Ill iiiacliines of this tyi:)e the pump is either chain-di'iveu or worked by 

 cranks on the axle. All the operator has to do is to drive the horse. 

 The nozzles are fixed in such a way as to direct the spray where it is 

 required; it Avill be seen that one man is able to operate a large number 

 of nozzles, thus permitting a considerable saving of labour. The 

 machine moves forward continuously at a Avalking pace, which enables 

 the properly-situated nozzles to distribute to each vine its quota of 

 spray mixture. 



Improvements have been gradually introduced in general arrange- 

 ment of the machines, in pumps, and in many minor details, so that the 

 models now turned out by leading French firms have reached a high 

 standard of perfection. Among the best French makes may be men- 

 tioned the spray pumps manufactured by M. P. Perras, of Belleville- 

 sur-Saone (Rhone). A description of the machine made by this firm 



Fig. 17. — Perras machine arranged for taller vines — two half rows are being 



treated. 



appeared in La Itevue cle Viticulture of loth March, IDlo. The general 

 arrangement of the sprays for the treatment of two rows at a time is 

 shown in Fig. 16. Fig. 17 illustrates another mode of adjusting the 

 nozzles suitable for the treatment of vines such a size that it is not 

 possible to treat more than two half rows at a time. Fig. 18 is a 

 side view of the same machine, showing Iioav the tubes which supply 

 the nozzles may be folded for transport. 



This illustration gives a good idea of the lightness and elegance of 

 the Perras machine. The arrangement of reservoirs and ]uimps (there 

 are two of each), and the way in which they are operated from the axle, 

 will be readily understood. In these s]u-ay pumps both pressure and 

 output of liquid are adjustable. 



In all modern French machines, the arrangement of the nozzles can 

 be altered in a great many different ways, and in a very short time. 



