10 May, 1918.] Hereditary Unsoundness in Horses. 293 



1.8 is an interesting family; though 1.811 was sound as an aged 

 horse, 33 per cent, of his sons were unsound, as under: — 



1.8118 from a mare by 4.131, whose two sons examined were un- 

 sound. 



1.8119 from a mare not recorded. 



1.81102 from a mare not recorded — granddam by 3.2. 

 1.81106 from a mare by 4.13, sire of 4.131, above. 

 1.81109 from a mare by 29.2112, granddam not recorded. 



1.811002 from a mare by 3.3, of unsound family. 



1.811003 from a mare not recorded. 



1.811007 from a mare by 2.1, probably sound, granddam not 

 recorded. 



1.811008 from a mare by 4.13, sire of 4.131, above. 



1.811009 from a more by 3.3, of unsound family. 

 1.8110003 from a mare by 9.51, of unsound family. 

 1.8110009 from a mare not recorded. 



A study shows that in nearly all cases the mares are from unsound 

 lines, and it is probable that the unsoundness latent in 1.811, on meeting 

 with unsoundness from the female side, has shown up in what might have 

 been a sound family if bred always to sound mates. 



A very similar condition is seen in the family of 1.05411, himself 

 sound. Fifty-three of his progeny were examined, and six were unsound. 



The dam of 1.054117 was by 3.1020003, a very unsound horse. 



The dam of 1.0541108 was by 3.13, a very unsound horse. 



The dam of 1.0541100001 was by 1.333, of unsound family, the grand- 

 dam by 38. 



The dam of 1.0541100002 was by 1.333, above. 



The dam of 1.05411071 was by 7.24, an unsound horse. 



Stallion 1.0711 was not examined; fifty-two of his progeny were, 

 and three showed unsoundness. The pedigree of the dam of 1.0711304 

 is not extended far enough to determine definitely her sire. He was 

 probably 9.1202, of unsound line. 



The dam of 1.07110671 was by 7.231, of unsound family, and the 

 granddam by 4.13, also of unsound line. 



The dam of 1.07110042 was by 9.515, which appears frequently in 

 unsound pedigrees, and is of unsound blood; the granddam was by 4.131, 

 the sire of an unsound family. 



1.00211 shows nineteen sound and one unsound son, and nine sound 

 and two unsound grandsons; the two latter have the blood of 22 and 

 of 3.1 in their veins, both of which families are unsound — the latter 

 particularly so. 



