586 Journal of Agriculture, Victoria. [10 Oct., 1918. 



tlie State in the temporary charge of the nominee of the Governor. In 

 Canada the British and Australian practice is followed. Both the 

 Dominion Government and the various Provincial Governments have a 

 Cabinet of Ministers, who hold office as long as they can retain a majority 

 in Parliament. The Ministers, therefore, must frame a policy, and as 

 agriculture is the basis of the country's wealth, vigorous policies for 

 developing the agricultural resources have frequently been brought for- 

 ward, and large Departments of Agriculture have arisen to carry out 

 these policies. 



First, as regards the Dominion Department of Agriculture. The 

 expenditure for 1916-17 was approximately £1,100,000, made up as 

 follows : — 



Salaries . . . . . . . . . . £108,000 



Maintenance . . . . . . . . 770,000 



Expenditure under the Agricultural Instruction 



Act . . . . . . . . 230,000 



Contingencies . . . . . . . . 20,000 



£1,12'8,000 



This is a very considerable sum to be disbursed by a Federal Govern- 

 ment on agriculture for a population of approximately 8,000,000 people. 



In addition to this, each province maintains a Provincial Department 

 of Agriculture. Ontario voted £190,000 for its Department of Agricul- 

 ture this year. 



One interesting item in the Federal appropriation is the Agricul- 

 tural Instruction Act, $1,100,000 (£230,000). This Act was passed in 

 1913. It established the principle of Federal aid in agricultural educa- 

 tion and instruction in Canada — 



" For the purpose of advancing the farming industry by instruc- 

 tion in agriculture, and for the purposes authorized by the Act, the 

 sum of $10,000,000 (£2,080,000) shall be appropriated and paid out 

 of the Consolidated Revenue for ten years beginning in March, 

 1914. 



Seven hundred thousand dollars (£145,000) to be paid in 1914, 

 rising to $1,100,000 (£230,000) annually in 1918, and thereafter. 

 The money is to be apportioned as follows : — 



(1) A sum not exceeding $20,000 (£4,000) per annum, be 



voted to assist the work of veterinaiy colleges estab- 

 lished in provinces. 



(2) Twenty thousand dollars (£4,000) to be paid to the 



Government of each province. 



(3) The balance to be allotted and paid to the Governments 



of the provinces in the proportion of the populations 

 of the province at the last census. The payments to 

 be made subject to an agreement between the Minister 

 and the Government of the province as to the terms, 

 conditions, and purposes." 



Such are the main features of a statesman-like Act, which promises 

 to put new life into agricultural education in Canada. 



